1. Scope
The requirements in this standard apply to all toys, i.e. any product or material designed or clearly intended for use in play by children under 14 years of age. They are applicable to a toy as it is initially received by the consumer and, in addition, they apply after a toy is subjected to reasonably foreseeable conditions of normal use and abuse unless specifically noted otherwise.
This standard is not applicable to the toys which is not intended to children and is required for adult supervision or meets special conditions.
The mechanical and physical properties (4.1) and Annex A of this standard is not applicable to the following products:
--bicycles, those having a maximum saddle height of 435 mm;
-- slingshots(catapult);
-- darts with metal points;
--home and public playground equipment;
--compressed air and gas operated guns and pistols;
-- kites (except for the electric resistance of their strings, which is included);
-- model kits, hobby and craft items in which the finished item is not primarily of play value;
--sporting goods and equipment, camping goods, athletic equipment, musical instruments and furniture; however, toys that are their counterparts are included;
-- models of aircraft, rockets, boats and land vehicles powered by combustion engines; however, toys that are, their counterparts are included;
--- collectible products not intended for children under 14 years of age;
---holiday decorations
---aquatic equipment intended to be used in deep water;
---toys installed in public places (e.g. arcades and shopping centres);
--- puzzles having more than 500 pieces or without a picture, for specialists;
--- fireworks including percussion caps, except percussion caps specifically designed for toys;
--- products containing heating elements intended for use under the supervision of an adult in a teaching context;
---steam engines;
---video toys that can be connected to a video screen and operated at a nominal voltage greater than 24 V;
-- babies’ pacifiers (dummies);
-- faithful reproduction of firearms;
--electric ovens, irons or other functional products operated at a nominal voltage greater than 24 V;
--- bows for archery with an overall relaxed length exceeding 120 cm;
--- fashion jewellery for children.
The materials and parts of toys applies to the combustion performance (4.2) and Annex B in this standard:
--are clothes worn by the child(disguise costumes), especially where capes, flowing dresses and similar articles are include
--a child could enter, such as play tents and play houses
--a child cuddles(filled soft toys)
--are worn but take the form of masks, wigs, etc.
Toys materials and parts applied to the migration of the given elements (4.3) and Annex C in this standard:
--Coatings of paints, varnishes, lacquers, printing links, polymers and similar coatings.
--Polymeric and similar materials, including laminates, whether textile-reinforced or not, but excluding other textiles.
--Paper and paper board, up to a maximum mass per unit area of 400 g/m2.
--Nature or synthetic textiles;
--Glass/ceramic/metallic materials, excepting lead solder when used for electrical connections.
--Other material, whether mass-coloured or not (e.g. wood, fibreboard, hardboard, bone and leather);
--Materials intended to leave a trace(e.g. the graphite materials in pencils and liquid ink in pens)
--Pliable modeling materials, including modeling clays, and gels;
--Paints, including finger paints, varnishes, lacquers, glazing powders and similar materials in solid or liquid form.
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this standard, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, all parties coming to an agreement according to this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest edition of these documents is applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB 5296.5 Instructions for use of products of consumer interest-Instructions for use of toys
GB 14746 Safety requirements for bicycles for young children
GB/T 6753.4-1998 Paints and varnishes-Determination of flow time by use of flow cups
GB/T 6682-1992 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
ISO 868:1985, Plastics and ebonite — Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness).
ISO 4287-2:1997, Surface roughness — Terminology — Part 2: Measurement of surface roughness parameters.
ISO 4593:1993, Plastics — Film and sheeting — Determination of thickness by mechanical scanning.
ISO 6508-1:1999, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G,H, K, N, T).
ISO 6941:1984 Textile fabrics -- Burning behaviour -- Measurement of flame spread properties of vertically oriented specimens
EN 71-5:1993 Safety of toys - Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than
experimental sets
Contents
1. Scope 1
2 Normative References 2
3 General 3
4. Technical Requirements 4
4.1 Mechanical and physical properties 4
4.2.1 Technical requirements 12
5 Inspection 13
5.1 Inspection of similar simulation weapon toys 13
5.2 Inspection of operating instructions of the toys 13
5.3 Inspection beyond 5.1 and 5.2 13
6 Implementation and Supervision 13
6.1 Production, sales and import 14
6.2 Prosecution, appeal and complaint 14
6.3 Supervision and inspection 14
6.4 Safety certificate 14
6.5 Production license 14
7 Legal liabilities 14
8 Others 14
Annex A 15
A.1 Scope 16
A.2 Normative Reference 17
A.3 Terms and definitions 18
A.4 Requirements 23
A.4.1 Normal use (see Chapter A.E.2) 23
A.4.2 Reasonably foreseeable abuse (see Chapter A.E.3) 23
A.4.3 Material 24
A.4.4 Small parts (see Chapter A.E.6) 24
A.4.5 Shape, size and strength of certain toys (see Chapter A.E.7) 24
A.4.6 Edges (see Chapter A.E.11) 26
A.4.7 Points (see Chapter A.E.12) 27
A.4.8 Projections (see Chapter A.E.13) 27
A.4.9 Metal wires and rods (see Chapter A.E.14) 28
A.4.10 Plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys (see Chapter A.E.15) 28
A.4.11 Cords and elastics (see Chapter A.E.16) 28
A.4.12 Folding mechanisms 29
A.4.13 Holes, clearances and accessibility of mechanisms 31
A.4.14 Springs (see Chapter A.E.25) 32
A.4.15 Stability and overload requirements 33
A.4.16 Enclosures (see Chapter A.E.30) 33
A.4.17 Simulated protective equipment, such as helmets, hats and goggles (see Chapter A.E.31) 35
A.4.18 Projectile toys (see Chapter A.E.32) 35
A.4.19 Aquatic toys (see Chapter A.E.33) 36
A.4.20 Braking (see Chapter A.E.34) 36
A.4.21 Toy bicycles (see ChapterA.4.13.3 and Chapter A.E.35) 36
A.4.22 Speed limitation of electrically driven ride-on toys (see Chapter A.E.36) 37
A.4.23 Toys containing a heat source 37
A.4.24 Liquid-filled toys (see Chapter A.E.37) 38
A.4.25 Mouth-actuated toys (see Chapter A.E.38) 38
A.4.26 Toy roller skates and toy skateboards 38
A.4.27 Percussion caps (see Chapter A.E.39) 38
A.5 Test methods 38
A.5.1 General 38
A.5.2 Small parts test (see A.4.3.2, A.4.4, A.4.18.2 and A.4.25) 39
A.5.3 Test for shape and size of certain toys (see Chapter A.4.5.1) 40
A.5.4 Small balls test (see A.4.5.2) 42
A.5.5 Test for pompoms (see A.4.5.3) 42
A.5.6 Test for preschool play figures (see A.4.5.4) 42
A.5.7 Accessibility of a part or component (see A.4.6, A.4.7, A.4.13, A.4.14 and A.A.2.3) 43
A.5.8 Sharp edge test (see A.4.6 and A.4.9) 45
A.5.9 Sharp point test (see A.4.7 and A.4.9) 46
A.5.10 Determination of thickness of plastic film and sheeting (see A.4.10) 48
A.5.11 Test for cords 48
A.5.12 Stability and overload tests (see A.4.15) 48
A.5.13 Test for closures and toy chest lids (see A.4.16.2) 50
A.5.14 Impact test for toys that cover the face (see A.4.17) 50
A.5.15 Kinetic energy of projectiles, bows and arrows (see A.4.18) 51
A.5.16 Free-wheeling facility and brake performance test 52
A.5.17 Determination of speed of electrically driven ride-on toys (see A.4.22) 53
A.5.18 Determination of temperature increases (see A.4.23) 53
A.5.19 Leakage of liquid-filled toys (see A.4.24) 53
A.5.20 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see A.4.25) 53
A.5.21 Expanding materials (see A.4.3.2) 53
A.5.22 Folding or sliding mechanisms 54
A.5.23 Washable toys (see A.4.1) 55
A.5.24 Reasonably foreseeable abuse tests (see A.4.2) 55
Annex A.A 60
A.A.1 General 60
A.A.2 Specific requirements 60
A.A.2.3 Batteries For toys intended for children under 36 months 60
A.A.2.4 Test of batteries of small parts 60
A.A.2.5 Voltage of battery 60
A.A.2.6 Use of battery 60
A.A.2.7 Test of normal use and reasonably foreseeable abuse of Battery-operated toys 61
A.A.2.8 Mechanical hardness of insulating parts 61
A.A.2.9 Electrical contact requirements of circuit and battery 61
A.A.2.10 Requirements of Battery Safety Use Introduction 61
Annex A.B 63
A.B.1 General 63
A.B.2 Criteria for establishing age grades 63
A.B.3 Resources for establishing age grades 63
A.B.4 Safety considerations of age grading 64
A.B.5 Descriptive age-labelling 65
Annex A.C 66
A.C.1 overview 66
A.C.2 Safety-labelling guidelines 66
A.C.3 Instructional literature 69
A.C.4 Manufacturer’s markings 70
Annex A.D 71
A.D.1 General 71
A.D.2 Guidelines 71
Annex A.E 72
A.E.1 Scope (see Chapter A.1) 72
A.E.2 Normal use (see A.4.1) 72
A.E.3 Reasonably foreseeable abuse (see A.4.2) 72
A.E.4 Material quality (see A.4.3.1) 73
A.E.5 Expanding materials (see A.4.3.2) 73
A.E.6 Small parts (see A.4.4) 73
A.E.7 Shape, size and strength of certain toys (see A.4.5) 73
A.E.8 Pompoms (see A.4.5.3) 73
A.E.9 Preschool play figures (see A.4.5.4) 74
A.E.10 Balloons (see A.4.5.6) 74
A.E.11 Edges (see A.4.6) 74
A.E.12 Points (see A.4.7) 74
A.E.13 Projections (see A.4.8) 74
A.E.14 Metal wires and rod (see A.4.9) 75
A.E.15 Plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys (see A.4.10) 75
A.E.16 Cords and elastics (see A.4.11) 75
A.E.17 Toy pushchairs, perambulators and similar toys (see A.4.12.1) 75
A.E.18 Other toys with folding mechanisms (see A.4.12.2) 76
A.E.19 Hinge-line clearance (see A.4.12.3) 76
A.E.20 Circular holes in rigid materials (see A.4.13.1) 76
A.E.21 Accessible clearances for movable segments (see A.4.13.2) 76
A.E.22 Chains or belts in ride-on toys (see A.4.13.3) 77
A.E.23 Other driving mechanisms (see A.4.13.4) 77
A.E.24 Winding keys (see A.4.13.5) 77
A.E.25 Springs (see A.4.14) 77
A.E.26 Sideways stability requirement (see A.4.15.1.1 and A.4.15.1.2) 77
A.E.27 Fore and aft stability (see A.4.15.1.3) 77
A.E.28 Overload requirements for ride-on toys and seats (see A.4.15.2) 77
A.E.29 Stability of stationary floor toys (see A.4.15.3) 77
A.E.30 Enclosures (see A.4.16) 77
A.E.31 Simulated protective equipment such as helmets, hats and goggles (see A.4.17) 78
A.E.32 Projectile toys (see A.4.18) 78
A.E.33 Aquatic toys (see A.4.19) 78
A.E.34 Braking (see A.4.20) 78
A.E.35 Toy bicycles (see A.4.21) 79
A.E.36 Speed limitation of electrically driven ride-on toys (see A.4.22) 79
A.E.37 Liquid-filled toys (see A.4.24) 79
A.E.38 Mouth-actuated toys (see A.4.25) 79
A.E.39 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys (see A.4.27) 80
Annex F 81
A.F.1 Terms and definitions related to annex A.F 81
A.F.2 Requirements (see EN 71-1:1998) 81
A.F.3 Determination of emission sound pressure level (see A.F.2) 82
A.F.4 Warnings and instructions for use [see A.F.2 f)] 88
A.F.5 Rationale (see A.F.2) 88
Bibliography 90
Annex B 91
B.1 Scope 92
B.2 Normative references 92
B.3 Terms and Definitions 92
B.4 Requirements 93
B.5 Test methods 95
Annex C 98
C.1 Scope 99
C.2 Normative references 99
C.3 Terms and Definitions 100
C.4 Technical Requirements 100
C.5 Principle 101
C.6 Reagents and apparatus 101
C.7 Selection of test portions 102
C.8 Preparation and extraction of test portions 102
C.9 Detection limits of quantitative elemental analysis 110
C.10 Test report 110
Annex C.A 111
C.A.1 Reagents 111
C.A.2 Test procedure 111
C.A.3 Calculation 111
Annex C.B 112
Table C.B.1 - Sieve dimensions and tolerances 112
Annex C.C 113
Annex C.D 114
C.D. 1 Introduction 114
C.D.2 Scope 114
C.D.3 Specific requirements (see C.4.1) 115
C.D.4 Statistical Most chemical test procedure and interpretation of results (see C.4.2 ) 115
C.D.5 Reagents (see C.6.1) 117
C.D.6 Apparatus (see C.6.2) 117
C.D.7 Selection of test portions (see Chapter C.7) 117
C.D.8 Paper and paper board - Test portion preparation (see C.8.3.1) 118
C.D.9 Natural or synthetic textiles - Test portion preparation (see C.8.4.1) 118
C.D.10 Glass/ceramic/metallic materials - Test portion preparation (see C.8.5.1) 118
Bibliography 119
