GB/T 28185-2025 Heat exchange unit for urban heating
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification and type, general provisions, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, markings, instructions for use, product certificate, packaging, transportation and storage of heat exchange unit for urban heating (hereinafter referred to as “heat exchange unit”).
This document is applicable to the design, production and inspection of heat exchange units used in heating (cooling) heat exchange systems with design pressure not greater than 2.5MPa, hot water temperature not greater than 150℃ and steam temperature not greater than 350℃.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 151 Heat exchangers
GB/T 700 Carbon structural steels
GB/T 706 Hot-rolled section steel
GB/T 2518 Continuously hot-dip zinc and zinc alloy coated steel sheet and strip
GB 3096 Environmental quality standard for noise
GB 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 5338.1 Series 1 freight containers - Specification and testing - Part 1: General cargo containers for general purposes
GB/T 5656 Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps - Class II
GB/T 5657 Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps - Class III
GB 5749 Standards for drinking water quality
GB/T 7251.1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 1: General rules
GB/T 7251.2 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 2: Power switchgear and controlgear assemblies
GB/T 7251.3 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 3: Distribution boardsintended to be operated by ordinary persons (DBO)
GB/T 7251.5 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 5: Assemblies for power distribution in public networks
GB/T 7251.6 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 6: Busbar trunking systems (busways)
GB/T 7251.8 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 8: General technical requirements for intelligent assembly
GB/T 7251.10 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 10: Guidance to specifying assemblies
GB/T 7306.2 Pipe threads with 55 degree thread angle where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads - Part 2: Taper internal and external threads
GB/T 8163 Seamless steel tubes for liquid service
GB 8624-2012 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and products
GB/T 9124.1 Steel pipe flanges - Part 1: PN designated
GB/T 9125.1 Fasteners for steel pipe flange joints - Part 1: PN designated
GB/T 9330 Plastic insulated control cables
GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products
GB 10071 Measurement method of environmental vibration of urban area
GB/T 12235 Steel globe valves and lift check valve for petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries
GB/T 12236 Steel swing check valve for petroleum petrochemical and allied industries
GB/T 12237 Steel ball valves for petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries
GB/T 12238 Flanged and wafer resilient seal butterfly valves
GB/T 12243 Spring loaded safety valves
GB 12348 Emission standard for industrial enterprises noise at boundary
GB/T 12459 Steel buttwelding pipe fittings—Types and parameter
GB/T 12668.2 Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 2: General requirements - Rating specifications for low voltage adjustable frequency a.c. power drive systems
GB/T 12706.1 Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1 kV (Um = 1.2kV) up to 35kV (Um=40.5kV) - Part 1: Cables for rated voltage of 1kV (Um = 1.2 kV)and 3 kV (Um = 3.6kV)
GB/T 12712 Technical management requirements for condensate recovery and automatic steam traps of steam heating system
GB/T 12771 Welded stainless steel pipes for fluid transport
GB/T 13350 Glass wool and its products for thermal insulation
GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical product
GB/T 13401 Steel buttwelding pipe fittings - Technical specification
GB/T 14382 Tee strainers for fluids for pipes
GB/T 14549 Quality of electric energy supply - Harmonics in public supply network
GB/T 17213.1 Industrial-process control valves - Part 1: Control valve terminology and general considerations
GB/T 17213.2 Industrial-process control valves - Part 2-1: Flow capacity - Sizing equations for fluid flow under installed conditions
GB/T 17213.10 Industrial-process control valves - Part 2-4: Flow capacity - Inherent flow characteristics and rangeability
GB/T 17213.11 Industrial-process control valves - Part 3-2: Dimensions - Face to face dimensions for rotary control valves except butterfly valves
GB/T 17213.12 Industrial-process control valves - Part 3-3: Dimensions - End-to-end dimensions for buttweld, two-way, globe-type, straight pattern control valves
GB/T 17467 High-voltage/low-voltage prefabricated substation
GB/T 17794 Preformed flexible elastomeric cellular thermal insulation
GB/T 18033 Seamless copper tubes for water and gas
GB/T 22239 Information security technology - Baseline for classified protection of cybersecurity
GB/T 28575 Specification for YE3 series (IP55) three-phase induction motors (Frame size 63~355)
GB/T 29044 Water quality for heating and air conditioning systems
GB/T 32224-2020 Heat meters
GB/T 34072 Specification of temperature transmitter for internet of things
GB/T 34073 Specification of pressure transmitter for internet of things
GB/T 37827 Welded ball valve for urban heating
GB/T 37828 Bidirectional metal to metal sealed butterfly valve for urban heating
GB/T 38536 Technical specification for the equipment of hot water heating substation
GB 50015 Standard for design of building water supply and drainage
GB 50054 Code for design of low voltage electrical installations
GB 50057 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
GB/T 50063 Code for design of electrical measuring device of power system
GB 50126 Code for construction of industrial equipment and pipeline insulation engineering
GB 50217 Standard for design of cables of electric power engineering
GB 50236 Code for construction of field equipment, industrial pipe welding engineering
GB 50264 Design code for insulation engineering of industrial equipment and pipe
GB/T 50726 Technical standard for anti-corrosion engineering of industrial equipment and pipeline
GB 51348 Standard for electrical design of civil buildings
CJJ 28 Code for construction and acceptance of city heating pipelines
CJJ/T 34 Design standard for urban heating network
CJJ 88 Technical specification for operation and maintenance of urban heating system
CJJ/T 247 Technical specification for noise and vibration control of heating station
CJ/T 467 Semi-instantaneous water heate
JB/T 7352 Solenoid valves for industrial-process measurement and control systems
JB/T 8937 Wafer type check valve
NB/T 47004.1 Plate heat exchangers - Part 1: Plate-and-frame heat exchangers
NB/T 47013.2-2015 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 2: Radiographic testing
NB/T 47013.3-2023 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 3: Ultrasonic testing
NB/T 47045 Brazed plate heat exchangers
QB/T 4008 Unsintered polytetrafuoroethylene (PTFE) tapes for thread sealing
SH/T 3022 Design standard for anticorrosion coating of equipment and piping in petrochemical industry
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
heat exchange unit
a whole heat exchange device composed of heat exchanger, water pump, frequency converter, filter, valve, electric control cabinet, instrument, control system, communication system and auxiliary equipment, etc., to realize the heat exchange and transportation between fluids, constant pressure, water supply, regulation control, communication and other functions
3.2
containerized heat exchange unit
heat exchange unit installed in a container and lifting and transporting with the container as a whole
Note: Also known as mobile heat exchange unit.
3.3
container
structure that protects the heat exchange unit from external influences, with fire resistance, waterproof, noise reduction, anti-corrosion, impact resistance, damage resistance and other functions
3.4
distributed transmission system
heating transmission and distribution system that uses circulating pumps (distributed pumps) dispersed at each heat user to provide partial or full circulating power instead of heat source circulating pumps and pipe network circulating pumps
3.5
primary circuit side
heat or cold supply side
3.6
secondary circuit side
heat or cold receive side
3.7
water⁃water heat exchange unit
heat exchange unit in which the medium on both the primary and secondary circuit sides is water
3.8
steam⁃water heat exchange unit
heat exchange unit in which the medium on the primary circuit side is steam, on the secondary circuit side is water
3.9
edge computing
architecture that moves applications, data, and service computing from the network center to the edge server of the user terminal device for distributed computing
4 Classification and model
4.1 Classification
The type classification of heat exchange units shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
4.2 Model designation
4.2.1 Model designation of heat exchange units shall meet the following requirements.
4.2.2 The use of primary circuit side media and secondary circuit side media shall meet the requirements of Table 2.
4.3 Model example
Examples of heat exchange unit models are as follows:
Example 1:
Plate heat exchange unit, the primary circuit side medium is high temperature hot water, the secondary circuit side is used for radiator heating system, the heat load is 2.0MW, the nominal size of the primary circuit side is DN150, the nominal size of the secondary circuit side is DN200, the design pressure of the primary circuit side is 1.6MPa, and the design pressure of the secondary circuit side is 0.6MPa, is marked as:
BJ⁃R/C⁃2.0⁃150/200⁃1.6/0.6
Example 2:
Shell and tube heat exchange unit, the primary circuit side medium is steam, the secondary circuit side is used for radiator heating system and air conditioning system, the heat load is 3.0MW, the nominal size of the primary circuit side is DN125, the nominal size of the secondary circuit side is DN200, the design pressure of the primary side is 1.6MPa, and the design pressure of the secondary side is 1.0MPa, is marked as:
GJ⁃Q/C•K⁃3.0⁃125/200⁃1.6/1.0
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification and model
5 General provisions
6 Technical requirements
7 Test methods
8 Inspection rules
9 Marking, instructions for use and product certificate
10 Packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Normative) Schematic diagram of process control system of heat exchange unit
Annex B (Normative) Installation, operation and maintenance
GB/T 28185-2025 Heat exchange unit for urban heating
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification and type, general provisions, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, markings, instructions for use, product certificate, packaging, transportation and storage of heat exchange unit for urban heating (hereinafter referred to as “heat exchange unit”).
This document is applicable to the design, production and inspection of heat exchange units used in heating (cooling) heat exchange systems with design pressure not greater than 2.5MPa, hot water temperature not greater than 150℃ and steam temperature not greater than 350℃.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 151 Heat exchangers
GB/T 700 Carbon structural steels
GB/T 706 Hot-rolled section steel
GB/T 2518 Continuously hot-dip zinc and zinc alloy coated steel sheet and strip
GB 3096 Environmental quality standard for noise
GB 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 5338.1 Series 1 freight containers - Specification and testing - Part 1: General cargo containers for general purposes
GB/T 5656 Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps - Class II
GB/T 5657 Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps - Class III
GB 5749 Standards for drinking water quality
GB/T 7251.1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 1: General rules
GB/T 7251.2 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 2: Power switchgear and controlgear assemblies
GB/T 7251.3 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 3: Distribution boardsintended to be operated by ordinary persons (DBO)
GB/T 7251.5 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 5: Assemblies for power distribution in public networks
GB/T 7251.6 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 6: Busbar trunking systems (busways)
GB/T 7251.8 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 8: General technical requirements for intelligent assembly
GB/T 7251.10 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 10: Guidance to specifying assemblies
GB/T 7306.2 Pipe threads with 55 degree thread angle where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads - Part 2: Taper internal and external threads
GB/T 8163 Seamless steel tubes for liquid service
GB 8624-2012 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and products
GB/T 9124.1 Steel pipe flanges - Part 1: PN designated
GB/T 9125.1 Fasteners for steel pipe flange joints - Part 1: PN designated
GB/T 9330 Plastic insulated control cables
GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products
GB 10071 Measurement method of environmental vibration of urban area
GB/T 12235 Steel globe valves and lift check valve for petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries
GB/T 12236 Steel swing check valve for petroleum petrochemical and allied industries
GB/T 12237 Steel ball valves for petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries
GB/T 12238 Flanged and wafer resilient seal butterfly valves
GB/T 12243 Spring loaded safety valves
GB 12348 Emission standard for industrial enterprises noise at boundary
GB/T 12459 Steel buttwelding pipe fittings—Types and parameter
GB/T 12668.2 Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 2: General requirements - Rating specifications for low voltage adjustable frequency a.c. power drive systems
GB/T 12706.1 Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1 kV (Um = 1.2kV) up to 35kV (Um=40.5kV) - Part 1: Cables for rated voltage of 1kV (Um = 1.2 kV)and 3 kV (Um = 3.6kV)
GB/T 12712 Technical management requirements for condensate recovery and automatic steam traps of steam heating system
GB/T 12771 Welded stainless steel pipes for fluid transport
GB/T 13350 Glass wool and its products for thermal insulation
GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical product
GB/T 13401 Steel buttwelding pipe fittings - Technical specification
GB/T 14382 Tee strainers for fluids for pipes
GB/T 14549 Quality of electric energy supply - Harmonics in public supply network
GB/T 17213.1 Industrial-process control valves - Part 1: Control valve terminology and general considerations
GB/T 17213.2 Industrial-process control valves - Part 2-1: Flow capacity - Sizing equations for fluid flow under installed conditions
GB/T 17213.10 Industrial-process control valves - Part 2-4: Flow capacity - Inherent flow characteristics and rangeability
GB/T 17213.11 Industrial-process control valves - Part 3-2: Dimensions - Face to face dimensions for rotary control valves except butterfly valves
GB/T 17213.12 Industrial-process control valves - Part 3-3: Dimensions - End-to-end dimensions for buttweld, two-way, globe-type, straight pattern control valves
GB/T 17467 High-voltage/low-voltage prefabricated substation
GB/T 17794 Preformed flexible elastomeric cellular thermal insulation
GB/T 18033 Seamless copper tubes for water and gas
GB/T 22239 Information security technology - Baseline for classified protection of cybersecurity
GB/T 28575 Specification for YE3 series (IP55) three-phase induction motors (Frame size 63~355)
GB/T 29044 Water quality for heating and air conditioning systems
GB/T 32224-2020 Heat meters
GB/T 34072 Specification of temperature transmitter for internet of things
GB/T 34073 Specification of pressure transmitter for internet of things
GB/T 37827 Welded ball valve for urban heating
GB/T 37828 Bidirectional metal to metal sealed butterfly valve for urban heating
GB/T 38536 Technical specification for the equipment of hot water heating substation
GB 50015 Standard for design of building water supply and drainage
GB 50054 Code for design of low voltage electrical installations
GB 50057 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
GB/T 50063 Code for design of electrical measuring device of power system
GB 50126 Code for construction of industrial equipment and pipeline insulation engineering
GB 50217 Standard for design of cables of electric power engineering
GB 50236 Code for construction of field equipment, industrial pipe welding engineering
GB 50264 Design code for insulation engineering of industrial equipment and pipe
GB/T 50726 Technical standard for anti-corrosion engineering of industrial equipment and pipeline
GB 51348 Standard for electrical design of civil buildings
CJJ 28 Code for construction and acceptance of city heating pipelines
CJJ/T 34 Design standard for urban heating network
CJJ 88 Technical specification for operation and maintenance of urban heating system
CJJ/T 247 Technical specification for noise and vibration control of heating station
CJ/T 467 Semi-instantaneous water heate
JB/T 7352 Solenoid valves for industrial-process measurement and control systems
JB/T 8937 Wafer type check valve
NB/T 47004.1 Plate heat exchangers - Part 1: Plate-and-frame heat exchangers
NB/T 47013.2-2015 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 2: Radiographic testing
NB/T 47013.3-2023 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 3: Ultrasonic testing
NB/T 47045 Brazed plate heat exchangers
QB/T 4008 Unsintered polytetrafuoroethylene (PTFE) tapes for thread sealing
SH/T 3022 Design standard for anticorrosion coating of equipment and piping in petrochemical industry
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
heat exchange unit
a whole heat exchange device composed of heat exchanger, water pump, frequency converter, filter, valve, electric control cabinet, instrument, control system, communication system and auxiliary equipment, etc., to realize the heat exchange and transportation between fluids, constant pressure, water supply, regulation control, communication and other functions
3.2
containerized heat exchange unit
heat exchange unit installed in a container and lifting and transporting with the container as a whole
Note: Also known as mobile heat exchange unit.
3.3
container
structure that protects the heat exchange unit from external influences, with fire resistance, waterproof, noise reduction, anti-corrosion, impact resistance, damage resistance and other functions
3.4
distributed transmission system
heating transmission and distribution system that uses circulating pumps (distributed pumps) dispersed at each heat user to provide partial or full circulating power instead of heat source circulating pumps and pipe network circulating pumps
3.5
primary circuit side
heat or cold supply side
3.6
secondary circuit side
heat or cold receive side
3.7
water⁃water heat exchange unit
heat exchange unit in which the medium on both the primary and secondary circuit sides is water
3.8
steam⁃water heat exchange unit
heat exchange unit in which the medium on the primary circuit side is steam, on the secondary circuit side is water
3.9
edge computing
architecture that moves applications, data, and service computing from the network center to the edge server of the user terminal device for distributed computing
4 Classification and model
4.1 Classification
The type classification of heat exchange units shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
4.2 Model designation
4.2.1 Model designation of heat exchange units shall meet the following requirements.
4.2.2 The use of primary circuit side media and secondary circuit side media shall meet the requirements of Table 2.
4.3 Model example
Examples of heat exchange unit models are as follows:
Example 1:
Plate heat exchange unit, the primary circuit side medium is high temperature hot water, the secondary circuit side is used for radiator heating system, the heat load is 2.0MW, the nominal size of the primary circuit side is DN150, the nominal size of the secondary circuit side is DN200, the design pressure of the primary circuit side is 1.6MPa, and the design pressure of the secondary circuit side is 0.6MPa, is marked as:
BJ⁃R/C⁃2.0⁃150/200⁃1.6/0.6
Example 2:
Shell and tube heat exchange unit, the primary circuit side medium is steam, the secondary circuit side is used for radiator heating system and air conditioning system, the heat load is 3.0MW, the nominal size of the primary circuit side is DN125, the nominal size of the secondary circuit side is DN200, the design pressure of the primary side is 1.6MPa, and the design pressure of the secondary side is 1.0MPa, is marked as:
GJ⁃Q/C•K⁃3.0⁃125/200⁃1.6/1.0
Contents of GB/T 28185-2025
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification and model
5 General provisions
6 Technical requirements
7 Test methods
8 Inspection rules
9 Marking, instructions for use and product certificate
10 Packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Normative) Schematic diagram of process control system of heat exchange unit
Annex B (Normative) Installation, operation and maintenance
