GB/T 28478-2024 Outdoor furniture - General technical requirements for tables and chairs
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements, inspection rules, marking, instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage for camping, domestic and commercial outdoor tables, chairs (stools) for adult use, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to quality control during the design, production, installation and sale of outdoor tables and chairs for adult use.
This document is not applicable to the material design/structure or manufacturing process of outdoor tables and chairs, or the safety of electrical appliances; the durability of castors, tilt mechanisms and seat panel height adjustment mechanisms; the removable flexibly packaged items, coverings, or permanently fixed furniture.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 250 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Grey scale for assessing change in colour
GB/T 2828.1-2012 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 3325-2017 General technical requirements for metal furniture
GB/T 3922-2013 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to perspiration
GB/T 8427-2019 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc
GB/T 10357.1-2013 Test of mechanical properties of furniture - Part 1: Strength and durability of tables
GB/T 10357.3-2013 Test of mechanical properties of furniture - Part 3: Strength and durability of chairs and stools
GB/T 16422.2-2022 Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps
GB/T 28202 Furniture industry terminology
GB/T 31106 Determination of volatile organic compounds in furniture
GB 28008-2024 Technical specification for the safety of furniture structure
GB 18584-2024 Limit of harmful substances of furniture
QB/T 3826 Corrosion-resistant testing method of the metal deposits and conversion coatings for the light industrial products - Neutral salt spray (NSS) test
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 28202 and GB/T 31106 and the following apply.
3.1
lounger
chair product with the inclination angle of the chair back in the range of 0 °~90 ° and the leg rest integrally connected with the product, and preset to be able to fully bear the weight of a user (see Figure 1)
Key:
θ——The inclination angle of the chair back.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram for a lounger
4 Requirements
4.1 Appearance
Appearance requirements and classification of inspection items shall comply with the provisions of S.N.1~S.N.39 of Table 3 in GB/T 3325-2017.
4.2 Product structures (basic items)
The provisions of GB 28008-2024 shall be complied with.
4.3 Harmful substances in products (basic items)
Except for formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene (the sum of o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), the provisions of GB 18584-2024 shall be complied with.
4.4 Physical and chemical properties (basic items)
4.4.1 Corrosion resistance of metal accessories
After corrosion resistance test (see 5.4.1), there shall be no more than 20 rust spots/dm² on metal plating layer or paint (plastic) spraying coating for metal, and there shall be no more than 5 such spots with a diameter greater than or equal to 1.5mm.
4.4.2 Textile fabrics
4.4.2.1 Color fastness to light
Not inferior to Grade 4.
4.4.2.2 Color fastness to perspiration
Not inferior to Grade 3.
4.4.3 Ageing resistance of plastic parts
After the aging resistance test of plastic parts (see 5.4.3), the appearance color discoloration rating of plastic parts in connecting parts, constituent parts, components or parts in domestic and commercial outdoor tables and chairs shall not be inferior to Grade 4.
Contents
Foreword IV
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirements
5 Test methods
6 Inspection rules
7 Marking, instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Normative) Test methods for strength and durability of chairs (stools)
Annex B (Normative) Test methods for stability of chairs (stools)
Annex C (Normative) Mechanical property test on tables
Figure 1 Schematic diagram for a lounger
Figure 2 Schematic diagram for a seat panel loading pad
Figure 3 Seat panel loading pad shape - machined
Figure 4 Seat panel loading pad shape - injection molded
Figure 5 Schematic diagram for the armrest fatigue test
Figure 6 Schematic diagram for an armrest loading device
Figure 7 Schematic diagram for a supporting fixture
Figure 8 Schematic diagram for a stability loading pad
Figure 9 Overall schematic diagram for a stability loading device
Figure 10 Schematic diagram for forward and lateral loading fixtures
Figure 11 Graphic symbol for a mobile lounger that cannot move when loaded
Figure A.1 Determination of loading points on seat panel and chair back
Figure A.2 Schematic diagram for static loads against seat panel and chair back
Figure A.3 Schematic diagram for additional static loads against seat panel and leg rest
Figure A.4 Schematic diagram for durability of seat panel and back of lounger
Figure A.5 Schematic diagram for additional durability of seat panel
Figure A.6 Schematic diagram for vertically downward static load on armrest
Figure A.7 Schematic diagram for impact on lounger
Figure A.8 Schematic diagram for lifting test of movable lounger
Figure A.9 Schematic diagram for forward static load against chair (stool) leg
Figure A.10 Schematic diagram for sideways static load against chair leg
Figure A.11 Schematic diagram for impact test on seat panel
Figure B.1 Schematic diagram for forward toppling test
Figure B.2 Schematic diagram for sideways toppling test
Figure B.3 Schematic diagram for backward toppling test
Figure B.4 Test example for a lounger with a leg rest
Figure B.5 Values of X and Z
Figure B.6 Loading point for a rigid chair (stool) with a large radius of front edge
Figure B.7 Schematic diagram for forward toppling test on chairs (stools)
Figure B.8 Schematic diagram for sideways toppling test on chairs (stools) without armrests
Figure B.9 Schematic diagram for sideways toppling test on chairs (stools) with armrests
Figure B.10 Schematic diagram for backward toppling test
Figure C.1 Schematic diagram for vertical static load test on main table top
Figure C.2 Schematic diagram for additional static load test
Figure C.3 Schematic diagram for vertical static load test on auxiliary table top
Figure C.4 Schematic diagram for horizontal durability test
Figure C.5 Determination of vertical stability loads
Figure C.6 Schematic diagram for vertical stability test
Figure C.7 Schematic diagram for stability test on a table with parasol supporting function
Table 1 Mechanical properties of a lounger
Table 2 Mechanical properties of other chairs (stools)
Table 3 Mechanical properties of tables
Table 4 Sampling scheme for end-of-manufacturing inspection
Table A.1 Static load test parameters for seat panel and chair back
Table A.2 Determination of loading forces on seat panel and chair back
Table A.3 Additional static load test parameters for seat panel and leg rest
Table A.4 Durability test parameters for seat panel and chair back
Table A.5 Additional durability test parameters for seat panel
Table A.6 Durability test parameters for chair back mechanism
Table A.7 Test parameters for vertically downward static load on armrest
Table A.8 Durability test parameters for armrest
Table A.9 Impact test parameters for seat panel
Table A.10 Lifting test parameters for a movable lounger
Table A.11 Static load test parameters for seat panel and chair back-
Table A.12 Static load test parameters for front edge of seat panel
Table A.13 Durability test parameters for seat panel and chair back
Table A.14 Back durability test parameters for a chair with an adjustable back
Table A.15 Static load test parameters for armrest
Table A.16 Durability test parameters for armrest
Table A.17 Test parameters for forward static load on chair leg
Table A.18 Test parameters for sideways static load on chair leg
Table A.19 Impact test parameters for seat panel
Table A.20 Static load test parameters for cross rail of leg rest
Table B.1 Positions for the parts of a lounger-
Table B.2 Test Parameters for a lounger-
Table B.3 Values of X and Z
Table B.4 Positions for the parts of a chair (stool) during test-
Table B.5 Test parameters for a non-lounger
Table C.1 Test parameters for vertical static load on main table top-
Table C.2 Test parameters for additional vertical static load
Table C.3 Test parameters for vertical static load on auxiliary table top
Table C.4 Horizontal durability test parameters
Table C.5 Test parameters for vertical loading stability
Table C.6 Determination of vertical loads
Table C.7 Test parameters for loading stability of extension element
Table C.8 Stability test parameters for a table with parasol supporting function
Standard
GB/T 28478-2024 Outdoor furniture—General technical requirements for tables and chairs (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 28478-2024
Status
valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
32500 words
Price(USD)
975.0
Implemented on
2025-1-1
Delivery
via email in 1~5 business day
Detail of GB/T 28478-2024
Standard No.
GB/T 28478-2024
English Name
Outdoor furniture—General technical requirements for tables and chairs
GB/T 28478-2024 Outdoor furniture - General technical requirements for tables and chairs
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements, inspection rules, marking, instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage for camping, domestic and commercial outdoor tables, chairs (stools) for adult use, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to quality control during the design, production, installation and sale of outdoor tables and chairs for adult use.
This document is not applicable to the material design/structure or manufacturing process of outdoor tables and chairs, or the safety of electrical appliances; the durability of castors, tilt mechanisms and seat panel height adjustment mechanisms; the removable flexibly packaged items, coverings, or permanently fixed furniture.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 250 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Grey scale for assessing change in colour
GB/T 2828.1-2012 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 3325-2017 General technical requirements for metal furniture
GB/T 3922-2013 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to perspiration
GB/T 8427-2019 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc
GB/T 10357.1-2013 Test of mechanical properties of furniture - Part 1: Strength and durability of tables
GB/T 10357.3-2013 Test of mechanical properties of furniture - Part 3: Strength and durability of chairs and stools
GB/T 16422.2-2022 Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps
GB/T 28202 Furniture industry terminology
GB/T 31106 Determination of volatile organic compounds in furniture
GB 28008-2024 Technical specification for the safety of furniture structure
GB 18584-2024 Limit of harmful substances of furniture
QB/T 3826 Corrosion-resistant testing method of the metal deposits and conversion coatings for the light industrial products - Neutral salt spray (NSS) test
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 28202 and GB/T 31106 and the following apply.
3.1
lounger
chair product with the inclination angle of the chair back in the range of 0 °~90 ° and the leg rest integrally connected with the product, and preset to be able to fully bear the weight of a user (see Figure 1)
Key:
θ——The inclination angle of the chair back.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram for a lounger
4 Requirements
4.1 Appearance
Appearance requirements and classification of inspection items shall comply with the provisions of S.N.1~S.N.39 of Table 3 in GB/T 3325-2017.
4.2 Product structures (basic items)
The provisions of GB 28008-2024 shall be complied with.
4.3 Harmful substances in products (basic items)
Except for formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene (the sum of o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), the provisions of GB 18584-2024 shall be complied with.
4.4 Physical and chemical properties (basic items)
4.4.1 Corrosion resistance of metal accessories
After corrosion resistance test (see 5.4.1), there shall be no more than 20 rust spots/dm² on metal plating layer or paint (plastic) spraying coating for metal, and there shall be no more than 5 such spots with a diameter greater than or equal to 1.5mm.
4.4.2 Textile fabrics
4.4.2.1 Color fastness to light
Not inferior to Grade 4.
4.4.2.2 Color fastness to perspiration
Not inferior to Grade 3.
4.4.3 Ageing resistance of plastic parts
After the aging resistance test of plastic parts (see 5.4.3), the appearance color discoloration rating of plastic parts in connecting parts, constituent parts, components or parts in domestic and commercial outdoor tables and chairs shall not be inferior to Grade 4.
Contents of GB/T 28478-2024
Contents
Foreword IV
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirements
5 Test methods
6 Inspection rules
7 Marking, instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Normative) Test methods for strength and durability of chairs (stools)
Annex B (Normative) Test methods for stability of chairs (stools)
Annex C (Normative) Mechanical property test on tables
Figure 1 Schematic diagram for a lounger
Figure 2 Schematic diagram for a seat panel loading pad
Figure 3 Seat panel loading pad shape - machined
Figure 4 Seat panel loading pad shape - injection molded
Figure 5 Schematic diagram for the armrest fatigue test
Figure 6 Schematic diagram for an armrest loading device
Figure 7 Schematic diagram for a supporting fixture
Figure 8 Schematic diagram for a stability loading pad
Figure 9 Overall schematic diagram for a stability loading device
Figure 10 Schematic diagram for forward and lateral loading fixtures
Figure 11 Graphic symbol for a mobile lounger that cannot move when loaded
Figure A.1 Determination of loading points on seat panel and chair back
Figure A.2 Schematic diagram for static loads against seat panel and chair back
Figure A.3 Schematic diagram for additional static loads against seat panel and leg rest
Figure A.4 Schematic diagram for durability of seat panel and back of lounger
Figure A.5 Schematic diagram for additional durability of seat panel
Figure A.6 Schematic diagram for vertically downward static load on armrest
Figure A.7 Schematic diagram for impact on lounger
Figure A.8 Schematic diagram for lifting test of movable lounger
Figure A.9 Schematic diagram for forward static load against chair (stool) leg
Figure A.10 Schematic diagram for sideways static load against chair leg
Figure A.11 Schematic diagram for impact test on seat panel
Figure B.1 Schematic diagram for forward toppling test
Figure B.2 Schematic diagram for sideways toppling test
Figure B.3 Schematic diagram for backward toppling test
Figure B.4 Test example for a lounger with a leg rest
Figure B.5 Values of X and Z
Figure B.6 Loading point for a rigid chair (stool) with a large radius of front edge
Figure B.7 Schematic diagram for forward toppling test on chairs (stools)
Figure B.8 Schematic diagram for sideways toppling test on chairs (stools) without armrests
Figure B.9 Schematic diagram for sideways toppling test on chairs (stools) with armrests
Figure B.10 Schematic diagram for backward toppling test
Figure C.1 Schematic diagram for vertical static load test on main table top
Figure C.2 Schematic diagram for additional static load test
Figure C.3 Schematic diagram for vertical static load test on auxiliary table top
Figure C.4 Schematic diagram for horizontal durability test
Figure C.5 Determination of vertical stability loads
Figure C.6 Schematic diagram for vertical stability test
Figure C.7 Schematic diagram for stability test on a table with parasol supporting function
Table 1 Mechanical properties of a lounger
Table 2 Mechanical properties of other chairs (stools)
Table 3 Mechanical properties of tables
Table 4 Sampling scheme for end-of-manufacturing inspection
Table A.1 Static load test parameters for seat panel and chair back
Table A.2 Determination of loading forces on seat panel and chair back
Table A.3 Additional static load test parameters for seat panel and leg rest
Table A.4 Durability test parameters for seat panel and chair back
Table A.5 Additional durability test parameters for seat panel
Table A.6 Durability test parameters for chair back mechanism
Table A.7 Test parameters for vertically downward static load on armrest
Table A.8 Durability test parameters for armrest
Table A.9 Impact test parameters for seat panel
Table A.10 Lifting test parameters for a movable lounger
Table A.11 Static load test parameters for seat panel and chair back-
Table A.12 Static load test parameters for front edge of seat panel
Table A.13 Durability test parameters for seat panel and chair back
Table A.14 Back durability test parameters for a chair with an adjustable back
Table A.15 Static load test parameters for armrest
Table A.16 Durability test parameters for armrest
Table A.17 Test parameters for forward static load on chair leg
Table A.18 Test parameters for sideways static load on chair leg
Table A.19 Impact test parameters for seat panel
Table A.20 Static load test parameters for cross rail of leg rest
Table B.1 Positions for the parts of a lounger-
Table B.2 Test Parameters for a lounger-
Table B.3 Values of X and Z
Table B.4 Positions for the parts of a chair (stool) during test-
Table B.5 Test parameters for a non-lounger
Table C.1 Test parameters for vertical static load on main table top-
Table C.2 Test parameters for additional vertical static load
Table C.3 Test parameters for vertical static load on auxiliary table top
Table C.4 Horizontal durability test parameters
Table C.5 Test parameters for vertical loading stability
Table C.6 Determination of vertical loads
Table C.7 Test parameters for loading stability of extension element
Table C.8 Stability test parameters for a table with parasol supporting function
