Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 10006-1988 Plastics—Film and sheeting—Determination of the coefficients of friction and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 10006-1988.
——The scope is modified (see Clause 1 hereof; Clause 1 of Edition 1988);
——The normative references are modified (see Clause 2 hereof; Clause 2 of Edition 1988);
——The terms and definitions are modified (see Clause 3; Clause 3 of Edition 1988);
——A note that "the coefficient of friction of films usually ranges between 0.2 and 1” is added (see Note 1 of 3.4.2);
——The principle is modified (see Clause 4 hereof; Clause 4 of Edition 1988);
——The apparatus requirement of “the sled or table may be used as a moving part” is added, Figure 1 is modified and Figure 2 is deleted (see 5.1 and Figure 1 hereof; 5.1, Figures 1 and 2 of Edition 1988);
——The naming, clause order and structure of "apparatus" are modified (see Clause 5 hereof; Clause 5 of Edition 1988);
——The test speed setting requirement of "500 mm/min ± 10 mm/min" is added (see 5.2.3);
——The inspection requirements for transition time when using the force-measuring system of tensile tester are added (see 5.2.4);
——The content of "direct connection between sled and load sensor" to "this spring shall be replaced by a rigid connection" (see 5.2.5 hereof; 5.6 of Edition 1988);
——The overshoot requirement of friction coefficient is added (see note in 5.2.5);
——The requirements for test specimen are modified (see Clause 6 hereof; Clause 7 of Edition 1988);
——The conditioning is modified (see Clause 7 hereof; 8 of Edition 1988);
——A general is added in subclause “Procedure” (see 8.1);
——The procedure of "measurement of film against film" and "measurement of film in contact with metal or another material" are modified (see 8.2 and 8.3 hereof; 9.1 and 9.2 of Edition 1988);
——The expression of results of static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient are modified (see 9.1 and 9.2 hereof; 10.1 and 10.2 of Edition 1988);
——The requirement of "significant figure of result expression" is deleted (see 10.3 of Edition 1988);
——A description of precision is added (see Clause 10);
——The requirements of test report are modified (see Clause 11 hereof; Clause 11 of Edition 1988);
——An annex “Preliminary precision data” is added (see Annex A).
This standard is identical to ISO 8295:1995 Plastics—Film and sheeting—Determination of the coefficients of friction by means of translation.
This standard was proposed by China National Light Industry Council.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Plastic Products of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 48).
The previous edition of this standard is as follows:
——GB/T 10006-1988.
Plastics—
Film and sheeting—
Determination of the coefficients of friction
1 Scope
1.1 This standard specifies a method for determining the coefficients of starting and sliding friction of plastic film and sheeting when sliding over itself or other substances. The method is intended to be used for non-sticky plastic film and sheeting (in the following text, referred to simply as “film”) of up to approximately 0.5 mm thickness.
1.2 This test method serves primarily for quality control. It does not give a comprehensive assessment of the machinability on packaging or processing machines since other effects, e.g. electrostatic charges, air cushion, local rise of temperature and abrasion are, as a rule, involved.
1.3 The static frictional force increases as a rule, with the time the surfaces are in contact. Therefore, to get comparable results, this time span is specified.
1.4 Slip properties are sometimes generated by additives in the plastic material. The additives have varying degrees of compatibility with the film matrix. They may bloom or exude to the surface and change the slip properties. Since these effects are time-dependent, measurements on such films have to be related to the age of the film.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documents (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 291: 19771) Plastics—Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
friction
resistance that two surfaces lying in contact with each other build up against sliding
Note: A distinction is made between static friction and dynamic friction.
3.1.1
static friction
friction which has to be overcome as a “threshold value” at the onset of sliding motion
3.1.2
dynamic friction
friction which persists during a sliding motion at a given speed
3.2
frictional force
force necessary to overcome friction
Note: A distinction is made between the static frictional force FS, and the dynamic frictional force FD.
3.3
normal force
FP
force acting perpendicular to the surfaces in contact
3.4
coefficient of friction
ratio of the frictional force to the normal force
3.4.1
static coefficient of friction
3.4.2
dynamic coefficient of friction
Note 1: The coefficient of friction of films usually ranges between 0.2 and 1.
Note 2: Ideally, the coefficient of friction is a characteristic independent of the test equipment and the test conditions. Since films generally do not behave ideally, all test parameters are specified in this standard.
4 Principle
The surfaces to be tested are placed together in plane contact and under uniform contact pressure. The force needed to displace the surfaces relative to each other is recorded.
5 Apparatus
5.1 The test device consists of a horizontal test table, a sled, a force measuring system and a driving mechanism to produce a relative motion between the two test surfaces on the horizontal test table. The sled or table may be used as a moving part.
Figure 1 shows an example of apparatus in which the table is moved horizontally. The force is recorded by a chart recorder or an equivalent electrical data-processing unit.
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Principle 5 Apparatus 6 Test specimen 7 Conditioning 8 Procedure 9 Expression of results 10 Precision 11 Test report Annex A (Informative) Preliminary precision data
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 10006-1988 Plastics—Film and sheeting—Determination of the coefficients of friction and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 10006-1988.
——The scope is modified (see Clause 1 hereof; Clause 1 of Edition 1988);
——The normative references are modified (see Clause 2 hereof; Clause 2 of Edition 1988);
——The terms and definitions are modified (see Clause 3; Clause 3 of Edition 1988);
——A note that "the coefficient of friction of films usually ranges between 0.2 and 1” is added (see Note 1 of 3.4.2);
——The principle is modified (see Clause 4 hereof; Clause 4 of Edition 1988);
——The apparatus requirement of “the sled or table may be used as a moving part” is added, Figure 1 is modified and Figure 2 is deleted (see 5.1 and Figure 1 hereof; 5.1, Figures 1 and 2 of Edition 1988);
——The naming, clause order and structure of "apparatus" are modified (see Clause 5 hereof; Clause 5 of Edition 1988);
——The test speed setting requirement of "500 mm/min ± 10 mm/min" is added (see 5.2.3);
——The inspection requirements for transition time when using the force-measuring system of tensile tester are added (see 5.2.4);
——The content of "direct connection between sled and load sensor" to "this spring shall be replaced by a rigid connection" (see 5.2.5 hereof; 5.6 of Edition 1988);
——The overshoot requirement of friction coefficient is added (see note in 5.2.5);
——The requirements for test specimen are modified (see Clause 6 hereof; Clause 7 of Edition 1988);
——The conditioning is modified (see Clause 7 hereof; 8 of Edition 1988);
——A general is added in subclause “Procedure” (see 8.1);
——The procedure of "measurement of film against film" and "measurement of film in contact with metal or another material" are modified (see 8.2 and 8.3 hereof; 9.1 and 9.2 of Edition 1988);
——The expression of results of static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient are modified (see 9.1 and 9.2 hereof; 10.1 and 10.2 of Edition 1988);
——The requirement of "significant figure of result expression" is deleted (see 10.3 of Edition 1988);
——A description of precision is added (see Clause 10);
——The requirements of test report are modified (see Clause 11 hereof; Clause 11 of Edition 1988);
——An annex “Preliminary precision data” is added (see Annex A).
This standard is identical to ISO 8295:1995 Plastics—Film and sheeting—Determination of the coefficients of friction by means of translation.
This standard was proposed by China National Light Industry Council.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Plastic Products of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 48).
The previous edition of this standard is as follows:
——GB/T 10006-1988.
Plastics—
Film and sheeting—
Determination of the coefficients of friction
1 Scope
1.1 This standard specifies a method for determining the coefficients of starting and sliding friction of plastic film and sheeting when sliding over itself or other substances. The method is intended to be used for non-sticky plastic film and sheeting (in the following text, referred to simply as “film”) of up to approximately 0.5 mm thickness.
1.2 This test method serves primarily for quality control. It does not give a comprehensive assessment of the machinability on packaging or processing machines since other effects, e.g. electrostatic charges, air cushion, local rise of temperature and abrasion are, as a rule, involved.
1.3 The static frictional force increases as a rule, with the time the surfaces are in contact. Therefore, to get comparable results, this time span is specified.
1.4 Slip properties are sometimes generated by additives in the plastic material. The additives have varying degrees of compatibility with the film matrix. They may bloom or exude to the surface and change the slip properties. Since these effects are time-dependent, measurements on such films have to be related to the age of the film.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documents (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 291: 19771) Plastics—Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
friction
resistance that two surfaces lying in contact with each other build up against sliding
Note: A distinction is made between static friction and dynamic friction.
3.1.1
static friction
friction which has to be overcome as a “threshold value” at the onset of sliding motion
3.1.2
dynamic friction
friction which persists during a sliding motion at a given speed
3.2
frictional force
force necessary to overcome friction
Note: A distinction is made between the static frictional force FS, and the dynamic frictional force FD.
3.3
normal force
FP
force acting perpendicular to the surfaces in contact
3.4
coefficient of friction
ratio of the frictional force to the normal force
3.4.1
static coefficient of friction
3.4.2
dynamic coefficient of friction
Note 1: The coefficient of friction of films usually ranges between 0.2 and 1.
Note 2: Ideally, the coefficient of friction is a characteristic independent of the test equipment and the test conditions. Since films generally do not behave ideally, all test parameters are specified in this standard.
4 Principle
The surfaces to be tested are placed together in plane contact and under uniform contact pressure. The force needed to displace the surfaces relative to each other is recorded.
5 Apparatus
5.1 The test device consists of a horizontal test table, a sled, a force measuring system and a driving mechanism to produce a relative motion between the two test surfaces on the horizontal test table. The sled or table may be used as a moving part.
Figure 1 shows an example of apparatus in which the table is moved horizontally. The force is recorded by a chart recorder or an equivalent electrical data-processing unit.
Contents of GB/T 10006-2021
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principle
5 Apparatus
6 Test specimen
7 Conditioning
8 Procedure
9 Expression of results
10 Precision
11 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Preliminary precision data
