Foreword
According to the requirements of the Notice of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on the Issuance of the Revision of Engineering Construction Standards and Related Work Plan in 2017 (Jianbiao [2016] No. 248), the standard preparation group has formulated this standard based on extensive investigation and research, serious summary of practical experience, reference to relevant international standards and advanced standards at home and abroad, and extensive consultation.
The main technical contents of this standard are: general provisions, terminology, basic regulations, site selection and general layout, raw material storage and pretreatment, pyrolysis carbonization, biochar collection and storage, gas-liquid separation and storage, control system, architecture and structure, public works, fire protection, construction and acceptance, labor safety and environmental protection.
This standard is managed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
1 General Provisions
1.0.1 To standardize the design, construction and acceptance of straw pyrolysis carbonization cogeneration project, to ensure that the project is safe and applicable, economical and reasonable, technologically advanced and reliable, this standard is formulated.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the new construction, alteration and expansion of straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project with straw, husk and forming fuel as main raw materials.
1.03 The determination of project scale and the selection of process technology route shall be reasonably determined according to the local socio-economic development, the amount of straw resources and the conditions of collection, storage and transportation, the applicability of pyrolysis technology and the requirements of environmental protection.
1.0.4 The design and construction acceptance of the straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project shall conform to the provisions of this standard, in addition to the provisions of the relevant national standards.
2 Terminology
2.0.1 straw pyrolysis carbonization poly-generation technology
straw pyrolysis carbonization
In the isolation of air or supply a small amount of air conditions, the straw, rice husk, molding fuel and other biomass raw materials through thermochemical transformation into biochar, pyrolysis gas, wood tar, wood vinegar liquid and other products of technology
2.0.2 Biochar biochar
Stable, porous, carbon-rich solids produced by pyrolysis of biomass such as straw, rice husk, and molding fuels
2.0.3 Pyrolysis gas pyrolysis gas
A non-condensable combustible gas produced by pyrolysis of biomass such as straw, rice husk, and molding fuels.
2.0.4 tar wood tar
Straw, rice husk, molding fuel and other biomass pyrolysis condensation separation obtained after the black or black-brown viscous liquid mixture with a pungent odor, the main components are highly aromatic hydrocarbons.
3 Basic provisions
3.0.1 The straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project shall conform to the requirements of national policy urban and rural overall planning, environmental protection and green development. 3.0.2 The straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project shall include raw material storage and pretreatment, pyrolysis carbonization, biochar collection and storage, gas-liquid separation and storage, control system, etc.
3.0.3 The scale of straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project shall be determined according to the resource volume, distribution, collection, storage, transportation and engineering construction of straw raw materials.
3.0.4 The safety distance between the straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-production project and flammable and explosive materials production plants, warehouses, high-voltage power transmission lines, civil buildings, etc. shall conform to the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Architectural Design Fire Code" GB 50016.
3.0.5 The straw pyrolysis and carbonization cogeneration project should achieve clean production, and the emission of waste gas, waste liquid and waste residue should meet the national and local environmental protection requirements.
4 Site selection and general layout
4.1 Site selection
4.1.1 Site selection shall conform to the requirements of the industrial layout, town (township) overall planning and land use planning of the region. 4.1.2 Site selection shall conform to the following provisions.
1 plant site should be selected in the straw resources supply sufficient area, should be based on raw materials, energy, auxiliary materials supply, target markets, construction conditions, surrounding traffic, social and economic conditions, environmental protection and other factors, after technical and economic comparison to determine.
2 plant site should be selected in the traffic, power supply, water supply, communications and other external conditions suitable for the area, and should be in the residential area of the minimum annual frequency of wind direction upwind or side wind direction.
3 site shall not be located in landslides, karst strongly developed, mudslide lot, earthquake fracture zone, as well as mining subsidence area, water supply sanitary protection zone. 4.1.3 site elevation and flood control, flood control dike top elevation should be determined in accordance with the following provisions: I site elevation should be higher than the 20-year flood level or flood water level, when lower than the water level, the plant should have a flood control weir and other reliable flood control facilities, and appropriate in The initial project should be completed at one time according to the planning scale.
2 The design elevation of the floor of the main plant area should be 0.5m higher than the 20-year flood level or the flood water level, and the elevation of the site in other areas should not be lower than the 20-year flood level.
General layout
5 raw material storage and pretreatment
5.1 Storage
Raw material storage should be set up raw material measurement and quality inspection facilities and equipment.
5.1.1
5.1.2 raw material storage facilities should be based on the supply of raw materials to determine the capacity, and should meet the production needs of not less than 7d. Storage volume is larger, according to the scale of the project can be set up a single branch or partition storage.
5.1.3 raw material storage should be taken to ventilation, fire prevention, rain and snow, dust control, to protect the smooth flow of transport and other measures. Forming raw materials should be used after the silo or bag storage pretreatment
5.2.1 raw material pretreatment is appropriate to include the removal of impurities, crushing, baking a thousand, mixing, molding and other processes, and can be increased or reduced according to the needs of the production process. After pretreatment of raw material particle size, moisture, etc. should meet the design requirements of pyrolysis carbonization process.
6 pyrolysis carbonization
6.0.1 Pyrolysis carbonization equipment can be selected according to the pyrolysis process, scale, etc., mobile bed, fixed bed, fluidized bed and other forms, preferably continuous pyrolysis carbonization production process. 6.0.2 Pyrolysis carbonization system should include feeding system, pyrolysis system, heating system, etc. 6.0.3 Feeding system should include cache bin and feeding device, cache bin should avoid material
The cache bin should avoid material bridging.
6.0.4 The feeding system can be used in the form of forced feeding and natural falling material. When forced feeding is used, the feeding motor should be frequency-controlled motor; natural feeding should ensure continuous and stable feeding.
6.0.5 The connection between feeding system and pyrolysis system should be selected with high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, and emergency discharge device should be set.
6.0.6 The gas tightness of the pyrolysis system shall meet the process and safety requirements, and a system-wide emergency stop button and emergency pressure relief linkage system shall be installed.
7 Biochar collection and storage
7.0.1 The back end of the pyrolysis carbonization system should be equipped with a biochar collection and cooling system, and the sealing of the pyrolysis carbonization system should be ensured when the biochar is discharged from the pyrolysis system. The average temperature of biochar after cooling should not be higher than 50C, and the local temperature should not exceed 60C. The average temperature can be determined by multi-point average temperature measurement method, and the measurement points should be evenly set at the cooling outlet.
7.0.2 Indirect heat transfer method or inert material heat transfer method shall be adopted for cooling of biochar; direct water cooling method may also be adopted for cooling of biochar, and the cooling water shall be recycled and the water consumption shall be reduced, and the direct cooling water to be discharged shall be purified and treated to meet the standard. 7.0.3 A closed temporary storage bin shall be set up for biochar, and storage shall be carried out after it has cooled down to the ambient temperature and it has been determined that there is no risk of open flame or spontaneous combustion. 7.0.4 Biochar can be stored after it is crushed, shaped and reprocessed according to the different uses of the product. 7.0.5/Biochar storage capacity should be reasonably determined according to the fire spacing requirements and storage time, and the storage time should not exceed 6 months.
8 Gas-liquid separation and storage
8.1 Gas-liquid separation
8.1.1 High-temperature pyrolysis gas should be given priority for local reuse, without gas-liquid separation and directly into special boilers for heating and steam supply; further high-temperature cracking and gas-liquid separation are also possible.
8.1.2 Gas-liquid separation process should include pyrolysis gas dust purification, wood tar and wood vinegar liquid condensation separation, cooling and dewatering of pyrolysis gas, etc., can be increased or reduced according to the needs of the production process. 8.1.3 Gas-liquid separation should be preceded by high-temperature dust purification, dust removal system temperature should not be lower than 400C, and should be greater than 450C
9 control system
9.0.1 The control system should have data acquisition and archiving, equipment monitoring, security alarm and protection functions.
9.0.2 The control system should be able to communicate with the main equipment control device in both directions through the communication interface, and should be able to achieve the control of important equipment in the system and communication with other related systems
9.0.3 The control system should be able to monitor the normal operating conditions of the main equipment, adjust the working conditions and abnormal working conditions of the alarm, and should be able to realize the emergency shutdown of the system in case of an accident.
9.0.4 The main equipment should be set up with local control devices and remote control devices, and the local control level should take priority over remote control.
10 Building and structure
101 - general provisions
10.1.1 In addition to the implementation of national laws and regulations on engineering construction, the building design should also comply with the following provisions.
1 building (structure) building plan layout, space combination building shape building color and envelope selection, should be based on the nature of use, production process functional requirements of natural conditions surrounding environment, building materials and building technology, process design and other factors to determine.
2 should implement the principle of land conservation, / area auxiliary production buildings, ancillary buildings should be multi-storey buildings and joint buildings.
11 Public Works
11.1 Electrical and instrumentation control
11.1.1 Electrical and automation design should meet the requirements of the production process, must meet the requirements of energy saving and consumption reduction, protection of the environment and personal safety, should achieve reliable operation, flexible operation, compact layout, easy maintenance and management.
11.1.2 Electrical and automation design should use advanced and practical energy-saving electrical products and complete sets of equipment, the use of obsolete products is strictly prohibited.
12 fire.
13 Construction and acceptance
14 labor safety and environmental protection
Terminology of this standard
List of referenced standards
Foreword
1 General Provisions
2 Terminology
3 Basic provisions
4 Site selection and general layout
5 raw material storage and pretreatment
6 pyrolysis carbonization
7 Biochar collection and storage
8 Gas-liquid separation and storage
9 control system
10 Building and structure
11 Public Works
12 fire.
13 Construction and acceptance
14 labor safety and environmental protection
Terminology of this standard
List of referenced standards
Standard
GB/T 51449-2022 Test methods of evaluating the properties of wood-based panels and surface decorated wood-based panels (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 51449-2022
Status
valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
23500 words
Price(USD)
705.0
Implemented on
2023-2-1
Delivery
via email in 1~8 business day
Detail of GB/T 51449-2022
Standard No.
GB/T 51449-2022
English Name
Test methods of evaluating the properties of wood-based panels and surface decorated wood-based panels
Foreword
According to the requirements of the Notice of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on the Issuance of the Revision of Engineering Construction Standards and Related Work Plan in 2017 (Jianbiao [2016] No. 248), the standard preparation group has formulated this standard based on extensive investigation and research, serious summary of practical experience, reference to relevant international standards and advanced standards at home and abroad, and extensive consultation.
The main technical contents of this standard are: general provisions, terminology, basic regulations, site selection and general layout, raw material storage and pretreatment, pyrolysis carbonization, biochar collection and storage, gas-liquid separation and storage, control system, architecture and structure, public works, fire protection, construction and acceptance, labor safety and environmental protection.
This standard is managed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
1 General Provisions
1.0.1 To standardize the design, construction and acceptance of straw pyrolysis carbonization cogeneration project, to ensure that the project is safe and applicable, economical and reasonable, technologically advanced and reliable, this standard is formulated.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the new construction, alteration and expansion of straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project with straw, husk and forming fuel as main raw materials.
1.03 The determination of project scale and the selection of process technology route shall be reasonably determined according to the local socio-economic development, the amount of straw resources and the conditions of collection, storage and transportation, the applicability of pyrolysis technology and the requirements of environmental protection.
1.0.4 The design and construction acceptance of the straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project shall conform to the provisions of this standard, in addition to the provisions of the relevant national standards.
2 Terminology
2.0.1 straw pyrolysis carbonization poly-generation technology
straw pyrolysis carbonization
In the isolation of air or supply a small amount of air conditions, the straw, rice husk, molding fuel and other biomass raw materials through thermochemical transformation into biochar, pyrolysis gas, wood tar, wood vinegar liquid and other products of technology
2.0.2 Biochar biochar
Stable, porous, carbon-rich solids produced by pyrolysis of biomass such as straw, rice husk, and molding fuels
2.0.3 Pyrolysis gas pyrolysis gas
A non-condensable combustible gas produced by pyrolysis of biomass such as straw, rice husk, and molding fuels.
2.0.4 tar wood tar
Straw, rice husk, molding fuel and other biomass pyrolysis condensation separation obtained after the black or black-brown viscous liquid mixture with a pungent odor, the main components are highly aromatic hydrocarbons.
3 Basic provisions
3.0.1 The straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project shall conform to the requirements of national policy urban and rural overall planning, environmental protection and green development. 3.0.2 The straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project shall include raw material storage and pretreatment, pyrolysis carbonization, biochar collection and storage, gas-liquid separation and storage, control system, etc.
3.0.3 The scale of straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-generation project shall be determined according to the resource volume, distribution, collection, storage, transportation and engineering construction of straw raw materials.
3.0.4 The safety distance between the straw pyrolysis carbonization multi-production project and flammable and explosive materials production plants, warehouses, high-voltage power transmission lines, civil buildings, etc. shall conform to the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Architectural Design Fire Code" GB 50016.
3.0.5 The straw pyrolysis and carbonization cogeneration project should achieve clean production, and the emission of waste gas, waste liquid and waste residue should meet the national and local environmental protection requirements.
4 Site selection and general layout
4.1 Site selection
4.1.1 Site selection shall conform to the requirements of the industrial layout, town (township) overall planning and land use planning of the region. 4.1.2 Site selection shall conform to the following provisions.
1 plant site should be selected in the straw resources supply sufficient area, should be based on raw materials, energy, auxiliary materials supply, target markets, construction conditions, surrounding traffic, social and economic conditions, environmental protection and other factors, after technical and economic comparison to determine.
2 plant site should be selected in the traffic, power supply, water supply, communications and other external conditions suitable for the area, and should be in the residential area of the minimum annual frequency of wind direction upwind or side wind direction.
3 site shall not be located in landslides, karst strongly developed, mudslide lot, earthquake fracture zone, as well as mining subsidence area, water supply sanitary protection zone. 4.1.3 site elevation and flood control, flood control dike top elevation should be determined in accordance with the following provisions: I site elevation should be higher than the 20-year flood level or flood water level, when lower than the water level, the plant should have a flood control weir and other reliable flood control facilities, and appropriate in The initial project should be completed at one time according to the planning scale.
2 The design elevation of the floor of the main plant area should be 0.5m higher than the 20-year flood level or the flood water level, and the elevation of the site in other areas should not be lower than the 20-year flood level.
General layout
5 raw material storage and pretreatment
5.1 Storage
Raw material storage should be set up raw material measurement and quality inspection facilities and equipment.
5.1.1
5.1.2 raw material storage facilities should be based on the supply of raw materials to determine the capacity, and should meet the production needs of not less than 7d. Storage volume is larger, according to the scale of the project can be set up a single branch or partition storage.
5.1.3 raw material storage should be taken to ventilation, fire prevention, rain and snow, dust control, to protect the smooth flow of transport and other measures. Forming raw materials should be used after the silo or bag storage pretreatment
5.2.1 raw material pretreatment is appropriate to include the removal of impurities, crushing, baking a thousand, mixing, molding and other processes, and can be increased or reduced according to the needs of the production process. After pretreatment of raw material particle size, moisture, etc. should meet the design requirements of pyrolysis carbonization process.
6 pyrolysis carbonization
6.0.1 Pyrolysis carbonization equipment can be selected according to the pyrolysis process, scale, etc., mobile bed, fixed bed, fluidized bed and other forms, preferably continuous pyrolysis carbonization production process. 6.0.2 Pyrolysis carbonization system should include feeding system, pyrolysis system, heating system, etc. 6.0.3 Feeding system should include cache bin and feeding device, cache bin should avoid material
The cache bin should avoid material bridging.
6.0.4 The feeding system can be used in the form of forced feeding and natural falling material. When forced feeding is used, the feeding motor should be frequency-controlled motor; natural feeding should ensure continuous and stable feeding.
6.0.5 The connection between feeding system and pyrolysis system should be selected with high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, and emergency discharge device should be set.
6.0.6 The gas tightness of the pyrolysis system shall meet the process and safety requirements, and a system-wide emergency stop button and emergency pressure relief linkage system shall be installed.
7 Biochar collection and storage
7.0.1 The back end of the pyrolysis carbonization system should be equipped with a biochar collection and cooling system, and the sealing of the pyrolysis carbonization system should be ensured when the biochar is discharged from the pyrolysis system. The average temperature of biochar after cooling should not be higher than 50C, and the local temperature should not exceed 60C. The average temperature can be determined by multi-point average temperature measurement method, and the measurement points should be evenly set at the cooling outlet.
7.0.2 Indirect heat transfer method or inert material heat transfer method shall be adopted for cooling of biochar; direct water cooling method may also be adopted for cooling of biochar, and the cooling water shall be recycled and the water consumption shall be reduced, and the direct cooling water to be discharged shall be purified and treated to meet the standard. 7.0.3 A closed temporary storage bin shall be set up for biochar, and storage shall be carried out after it has cooled down to the ambient temperature and it has been determined that there is no risk of open flame or spontaneous combustion. 7.0.4 Biochar can be stored after it is crushed, shaped and reprocessed according to the different uses of the product. 7.0.5/Biochar storage capacity should be reasonably determined according to the fire spacing requirements and storage time, and the storage time should not exceed 6 months.
8 Gas-liquid separation and storage
8.1 Gas-liquid separation
8.1.1 High-temperature pyrolysis gas should be given priority for local reuse, without gas-liquid separation and directly into special boilers for heating and steam supply; further high-temperature cracking and gas-liquid separation are also possible.
8.1.2 Gas-liquid separation process should include pyrolysis gas dust purification, wood tar and wood vinegar liquid condensation separation, cooling and dewatering of pyrolysis gas, etc., can be increased or reduced according to the needs of the production process. 8.1.3 Gas-liquid separation should be preceded by high-temperature dust purification, dust removal system temperature should not be lower than 400C, and should be greater than 450C
9 control system
9.0.1 The control system should have data acquisition and archiving, equipment monitoring, security alarm and protection functions.
9.0.2 The control system should be able to communicate with the main equipment control device in both directions through the communication interface, and should be able to achieve the control of important equipment in the system and communication with other related systems
9.0.3 The control system should be able to monitor the normal operating conditions of the main equipment, adjust the working conditions and abnormal working conditions of the alarm, and should be able to realize the emergency shutdown of the system in case of an accident.
9.0.4 The main equipment should be set up with local control devices and remote control devices, and the local control level should take priority over remote control.
10 Building and structure
101 - general provisions
10.1.1 In addition to the implementation of national laws and regulations on engineering construction, the building design should also comply with the following provisions.
1 building (structure) building plan layout, space combination building shape building color and envelope selection, should be based on the nature of use, production process functional requirements of natural conditions surrounding environment, building materials and building technology, process design and other factors to determine.
2 should implement the principle of land conservation, / area auxiliary production buildings, ancillary buildings should be multi-storey buildings and joint buildings.
11 Public Works
11.1 Electrical and instrumentation control
11.1.1 Electrical and automation design should meet the requirements of the production process, must meet the requirements of energy saving and consumption reduction, protection of the environment and personal safety, should achieve reliable operation, flexible operation, compact layout, easy maintenance and management.
11.1.2 Electrical and automation design should use advanced and practical energy-saving electrical products and complete sets of equipment, the use of obsolete products is strictly prohibited.
12 fire.
13 Construction and acceptance
14 labor safety and environmental protection
Terminology of this standard
List of referenced standards
Contents of GB/T 51449-2022
Foreword
1 General Provisions
2 Terminology
3 Basic provisions
4 Site selection and general layout
5 raw material storage and pretreatment
6 pyrolysis carbonization
7 Biochar collection and storage
8 Gas-liquid separation and storage
9 control system
10 Building and structure
11 Public Works
12 fire.
13 Construction and acceptance
14 labor safety and environmental protection
Terminology of this standard
List of referenced standards