Rubber - Assessment of carbon black and carbon black / silica dispersion - Rapid comparative methods
WARNING — Persons using this standard shall be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.
1 Scope
This standard specifies qualitative visual methods for the rapid and comparative assessment of the degree of macrodispersion of carbon black and carbon black/silica in rubber. Ratings are made relative to a set of standard reference photographs, and the results are expressed on a numerical scale from 1 to 10.
In addition, a method is given for rating the presence of large agglomerates on a numerical scale (ratings 1 to 10).
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this standard, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding any corrigendum), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the latest editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition applies.
GB/T 6039 Rubber physical tests and chemical tests -Terms (GB/T 6039-1997, eqv ISO 1382:1996)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 6039 apply.
4 Principles
The carbon black or carbon black/silica filled rubber compound is cut to expose a fresh surface for examination under magnification.
Five methods are described:
Method A: Visual microscopic or photographic microscopic inspection with ×30 magnification (for carbon black).
Method B: Split-field microscopic inspection with ×30 magnification (for carbon black).
Method C: Visual microscopic or photographic microscopic inspection with ×100 magnification (for carbon black or carbon black/silica).
Method D: Split-field microscopic inspection with ×100 magnification (for carbon black or carbon black/silica).
Method E: Large-agglomerate count with ×100 magnification (for carbon black).
In methods A to D, the dispersion level is compared with a series of ten hard-copy or electronically stored standard references under oblique illumination at 30° and with an effective magnification of ×30 for methods A and B (see Annex A) and ×100 for methods C and D (see Annexes B to E), and then rated numerically from 10 (excellent) to 1 (very poor).
Foreword I
Introduction III
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principles
5 Number of tests
6 Method A - Visual microscopic or photographic microscopic inspection with ×30 magnification
7 Method B - Split-field microscopic inspection with ×30 magnification
8 Method C - Visual microscopic or photographic microscopic inspection with ×100 magnification
9 Method D - Split-field microscopic inspection with ×100 magnification
10 Method E - Large-agglomerate count with ×100 magnification
11 Test report
Annex A (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×30 magnification
Annex B (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×100 magnification - Carbon black (CB)
Annex C (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×100 magnification - Reinforcing carbon black (RCB)
Annex D (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×100 magnification - Reinforcing carbon black with silica (RCB/Silica)
Annex E (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×100 magnification - Semi-reinforcing carbon black (SRCB)
Rubber - Assessment of carbon black and carbon black / silica dispersion - Rapid comparative methods
WARNING — Persons using this standard shall be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.
1 Scope
This standard specifies qualitative visual methods for the rapid and comparative assessment of the degree of macrodispersion of carbon black and carbon black/silica in rubber. Ratings are made relative to a set of standard reference photographs, and the results are expressed on a numerical scale from 1 to 10.
In addition, a method is given for rating the presence of large agglomerates on a numerical scale (ratings 1 to 10).
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this standard, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding any corrigendum), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the latest editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition applies.
GB/T 6039 Rubber physical tests and chemical tests -Terms (GB/T 6039-1997, eqv ISO 1382:1996)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 6039 apply.
4 Principles
The carbon black or carbon black/silica filled rubber compound is cut to expose a fresh surface for examination under magnification.
Five methods are described:
Method A: Visual microscopic or photographic microscopic inspection with ×30 magnification (for carbon black).
Method B: Split-field microscopic inspection with ×30 magnification (for carbon black).
Method C: Visual microscopic or photographic microscopic inspection with ×100 magnification (for carbon black or carbon black/silica).
Method D: Split-field microscopic inspection with ×100 magnification (for carbon black or carbon black/silica).
Method E: Large-agglomerate count with ×100 magnification (for carbon black).
In methods A to D, the dispersion level is compared with a series of ten hard-copy or electronically stored standard references under oblique illumination at 30° and with an effective magnification of ×30 for methods A and B (see Annex A) and ×100 for methods C and D (see Annexes B to E), and then rated numerically from 10 (excellent) to 1 (very poor).
Contents of GB/T 6030-2006
Foreword I
Introduction III
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Principles
5 Number of tests
6 Method A - Visual microscopic or photographic microscopic inspection with ×30 magnification
7 Method B - Split-field microscopic inspection with ×30 magnification
8 Method C - Visual microscopic or photographic microscopic inspection with ×100 magnification
9 Method D - Split-field microscopic inspection with ×100 magnification
10 Method E - Large-agglomerate count with ×100 magnification
11 Test report
Annex A (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×30 magnification
Annex B (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×100 magnification - Carbon black (CB)
Annex C (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×100 magnification - Reinforcing carbon black (RCB)
Annex D (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×100 magnification - Reinforcing carbon black with silica (RCB/Silica)
Annex E (Normative) Visual dispersion rating vs dispersion classification at ×100 magnification - Semi-reinforcing carbon black (SRCB)
