Foreword
In order to adapt to the international technical regulations and the prevailing rules of technical standards, since 2016, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development has successively issued the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Engineering Construction Standardization and other documents, proposing the long-term goal of the government to develop mandatory standards and social organizations to develop voluntary standards, and defining the reform task of gradually replacing the scattered mandatory provisions in the current standards with full text mandatory engineering construction specifications, Gradually form a "technical regulation" system consisting of technical provisions in laws, administrative regulations, departmental rules and full text mandatory project construction specifications.
About the types of specifications. The mandatory engineering construction specification system covers all kinds of construction projects in the engineering construction field, which is divided into two types: engineering project specifications (project specifications for short) and general technical specifications (general specifications for short). The project specification takes the overall engineering construction project as the object, and takes the project's scale, layout, function, performance and key technical measures as the main content. The general specification takes the general technology of all disciplines to meet the functional performance requirements of the engineering construction project as the object, and takes the general technical requirements of survey, design, construction, maintenance, maintenance, etc. as the main content. In the full text of the mandatory project construction specification system, the project specification is the backbone, and the general specification is the provision of common and common professional key technical measures for various projects.
About the five major factor indicators. The elements in the mandatory project construction specifications are the basic provisions to ensure the systematization and efficiency improvement of urban and rural infrastructure construction, and the basic requirements to support the high-quality development of urban and rural construction. The scale requirements of the project mainly stipulate that the construction project should have a complete production or service capacity, and should adapt to the level of economic and social development. The layout requirements of the project mainly specify the industrial layout, construction project site selection, overall design, general layout and overall technical requirements in coordination with the scale. The reasonable distribution of supply capacity should be considered to improve the overall level of related facilities construction. The functional requirements of the project mainly specify the composition and purpose of the project, and define the basic constituent units of the project, which is the guarantee for the project to play its expected role. The performance requirements of the project mainly specify the construction level or technical level of the construction project, reflect the applicability of the construction project, and specify the basic level of project quality, safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, livable environment and sustainable development. The key technical measures are the basic technical provisions for realizing the functional and performance requirements of the construction project, and the basic guarantee for implementing the development goals of urban and rural construction, such as safety, green, resilience, wisdom, livability, fairness and efficiency.
About the implementation of specifications. Compulsory project construction specifications have mandatory binding force and are intended to safeguard the safety of people's lives and property, human health, project safety, ecological environment safety, public rights and interests, as well as promote the conservation and utilization of energy resources, meet the regulatory baseline requirements in economic and social management, etc. The survey, design, construction, acceptance, maintenance, maintenance, demolition and other construction activities of engineering construction projects must be strictly implemented throughout the whole process, Among them, for the existing building reconstruction project (referring to not changing the existing use function), when the conditions are not available and it is really difficult to implement the current specifications, it should not be lower than the original construction standards. The recommended engineering construction standards supporting the mandatory engineering construction specifications are mature technical measures that have been tested in practice to ensure that the requirements of the mandatory specifications are met, and should also be implemented in general. On the premise of meeting the project function, performance requirements and key technical measures specified in the mandatory project construction specifications, relevant group standards and enterprise standards can be reasonably selected to optimize or reach a higher level of project function and performance. Recommended engineering construction standards, group standards and enterprise standards shall be coordinated with the mandatory engineering construction specifications, and the technical requirements shall not be lower than the relevant technical level of the mandatory engineering construction specifications.
After the implementation of the mandatory engineering construction specifications, the mandatory provisions in the current relevant national standards and industrial standards for engineering construction shall be abolished at the same time. The mandatory provisions in the current local standards for engineering construction shall be revised in a timely manner and shall not be lower than the provisions of the mandatory engineering construction specifications. If the relevant provisions in the current project construction standards (including mandatory standards and recommended standards) are inconsistent with the provisions of the mandatory project construction specifications, the provisions of the mandatory project construction specifications shall prevail.
1 General
1.0.1 This specification is formulated to define the basic functions, performance and key technical measures requirements of special facilities projects and standardize the construction of special facilities projects.
1.0.2 Special facilities such as urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery, disaster prevention refuge and urban sculpture must comply with this specification.
1.0.3 The construction of special facilities projects shall adhere to the principles of reasonable layout, green low-carbon, safe operation and maintenance, and shall be combined in the near future.
1.0.4 Whether the technical methods and measures adopted in the project construction meet the requirements of this specification shall be determined by the relevant responsible subject. Among them, innovative technical methods and measures shall be demonstrated and conform to relevant performance requirements in this specification.
2 Basic regulations
2.0.1 The configuration of special facility space, equipment and ancillary facilities shall meet the requirements of use functions, and shall meet the requirements of comprehensive disaster prevention, ecological protection and personal health protection.
2.0.2 The special facility base shall be selected in the section with low risk of geological disasters and shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The ground special facility base shall be located in the area with good sanitary conditions such as natural lighting and ventilation, and the air, soil and water in the surrounding environment shall not pose a hazard to human health;
2 The distance between ground auxiliary facilities such as buildings (structures) at the entrance of ground special facilities and underground special facilities and buildings, warehouses, storage tanks, combustible materials and material yards prone to danger shall meet the requirements for safety protection distance;
3 The site elevation of the ground special facility base shall not be lower than the control elevation determined for urban flood control and waterlogging prevention, and the rainwater collection and discharge at the site shall be taken into account to regulate and store rainwater and reduce runoff discharge.
2.0.3 The construction and operation of special facilities shall meet the following requirements:
The construction of underground special facilities should pay attention to the protection of underground space resources, and take necessary protective measures for the ecological environment and cultural heritage;
2 The layout of equipment rooms and auxiliary facilities of special facilities shall not endanger the safety of public space, and measures shall be taken to reduce the impact on the landscape;
3 When noise and waste gas pollution may occur during the use of special facilities and equipment, noise reduction and emission reduction measures shall be taken to avoid adverse effects on adjacent buildings;
4 The special facilities shall make rational and effective use of energy and water resources.
2.0.4 Materials and equipment with qualified quality and meeting green and environmental requirements shall be selected for special facilities.
2.0.5 When the special facilities reach the design working life or encounter natural disasters and need to continue to be used, they should be tested and identified, and they can continue to be used only after being treated as qualified according to the identification conclusion.
3 Urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery
3.1 General provisions
3.1.1 When urban engineering pipelines are included in the comprehensive pipe gallery, the following requirements shall be met:
1 The trunk comprehensive pipe gallery shall be used when laying the urban trunk pipeline;
2 The branch comprehensive pipe gallery or cable comprehensive pipe gallery shall be used when laying urban distribution pipeline.
3.1.2 Comprehensive pipe gallery shall be constructed according to functional requirements.
3.1.3 When building new urban areas and urban renewal, comprehensive pipe racks should be built in important sections and areas with dense pipelines.
3.1.4 The construction of comprehensive pipe gallery shall be reasonably arranged according to the urban development objectives, development scale, land use, spatial layout, etc. The deployment of comprehensive pipe gallery shall be determined in combination with the planning or use of urban underground pipelines, as well as urban roads, rail transit, water supply, rainwater, sewage, reclaimed water, natural gas, heat, electricity, radio and television, communications and other facilities, and shall meet the requirements of ecological environment protection.
3.1.5 In the construction planning of the comprehensive pipe gallery project, the three-dimensional control line of the comprehensive pipe gallery shall be defined, and the scope of land for monitoring centers at all levels of the comprehensive pipe gallery shall be defined.
3.1.6 Auxiliary facilities such as fire protection, ventilation, power supply, lighting, monitoring and alarm, drainage, and identification shall be provided for trunk and branch comprehensive pipe corridors.
3.1.7 The construction materials of the comprehensive pipe gallery shall be determined according to the structure type, stress conditions, use requirements and environmental conditions, and the main structure materials shall meet the structural safety and durability requirements.
3.1.8 The pipelines and equipment in the comprehensive pipe gallery shall be waterproof, moisture-proof, fireproof, explosion-proof and other measures according to the operating environment and the need to deal with accident hazards.
3.1.9 The daily management unit of the comprehensive pipeline corridor shall establish and improve the operation and maintenance management system and operation and maintenance archives, and shall work with the professional pipeline unit to prepare the pipeline maintenance management methods, implementation rules and emergency plans.
3.2 Trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery
3.2.1 The structural design working life of trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery shall be 100 years.
3.2.2 Measures to prevent water leakage shall be taken for trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery, and the total wetted area of the internal surface of the structure shall not be greater than 1/1000 of the total waterproof area; There shall be no more than 2 wet spots on any 100m2 waterproof area, and the area of a single wet spot shall not be more than 0.1m2.
3.2.3 The seismic fortification standards for trunk and branch comprehensive pipe corridors shall be determined according to Class B structures.
3.2.4 The opening structures exposed from the ground of the trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery shall be coordinated with the surrounding urban landscape. The elevation of the opening with an opening shall be raised, a closed cover plate shall be set, or other measures shall be taken to prevent surface water from flowing back, so as to meet the requirements for waterlogging prevention with a recurrence period of no less than 100 years. The opening elevation of flood threatened areas shall not be less than 0.5m above the flood control water level.
3.2.5 Measures shall be taken to prevent irrelevant personnel and small animals from entering the mouth structures exposed to the ground in the trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery.
3.2.6 The internal clear height of trunk comprehensive pipe gallery shall not be less than 2.111.
3.2.7 The clear width of the maintenance passage of the trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and the branch comprehensive pipe gallery shall meet the requirements for personnel access, patrol inspection, maintenance, and transportation of pipes, fittings, and equipment, and shall meet the following requirements:
3.3 Comprehensive pipeline corridor
3.3.1 Natural gas pipeline and steam pipeline shall not be laid in the cable comprehensive pipe gallery.
3.3.2 The branch of the pipeline of the cable comprehensive pipe gallery shall meet the requirements of the centralized access points of the plot, and the internal space of the branch shall meet the requirements of the turning radius of the cable with the largest section.
4 Disaster prevention shelter
4.1 Construction requirements
4.1.1 Disaster prevention shelters shall be divided into emergency shelters, fixed shelters and central shelters according to their configuration function level, refuge scale and opening hours.
4.1.2 Priority should be given to the public space with high terrain, flat terrain, good drainage and air circulation, and certain infrastructure; Refuge buildings should give priority to public buildings with high disaster resistance standards and good disaster resistance. The safety shall meet the following requirements:
1 Avoid the sections where landslide, collapse, subsidence, ground fissure and mud rock flow may occur, as well as the places where surface dislocation may occur on the seismic fault zone, and avoid flood discharge areas, flood diversion outlets, flood inflow or outflow mainstream areas, mountain torrent threat areas and high-voltage line corridors during flood;
2 The production and storage sites for inflammable, explosive and toxic dangerous goods, serious pollution sources and other sections prone to secondary disasters shall be avoided, and shall be located at a safe distance;
3 The area affected by collapse and falling objects of surrounding buildings (structures) shall be kept away from the safe distance;
4 It is strictly forbidden to cross long-distance natural gas pipelines and oil pipelines in disaster prevention and refuge sites. The laying around the site shall meet the requirements of safety protection distance.
4.1.3 The accessibility of disaster prevention shelters shall meet the following requirements:
1 There should be reliable traffic connection between the central refuge place and the outside of the town, and there should be evacuation passage connection with the surrounding refuge places;
2 Fixed shelters shall establish safe refuge contact with the residential areas in the responsible area.
4.1.4 When the underground space is used as a disaster prevention refuge, it shall ensure the normal operation of power supply, ventilation and other infrastructure after the disaster, and the safety of personnel in and out.
4.2 Layout and facilities
4.2.1 The service scope of a single urban central shelter should not exceed 50km2 of construction land, and the service capacity should not exceed 500000 people.
4.2.2 The scale of the fixed refuge place that can accommodate the refugees shall not be less than 15% of the planned population within its responsibility area.
4.2.3 The per capita effective refuge area in different refuge periods shall not be less than the provisions in Table 4.2.3.
4.3 Refuge buildings
4.3.1 Except for flood control refuge buildings, the residence function of refuge buildings with refuge capacity greater than the size of the building's normal users shall be preferably located on the first floor and the second floor; When it is really necessary to set it on the third floor or above, the safety entrances and exits, evacuation stairs and fire-fighting facilities shall meet the fire safety requirements.
4.3.2 The refuge building shall avoid the earthquake fault zone, and the escape distance shall not be less than 500m.
4.3.3 Refuge buildings shall be constructed according to accessibility requirements.
4.3.4 The underground space used for personnel refuge or material storage and the refuge building with special requirements for ventilation shall be equipped with emergency ventilation facilities.
4.3.5 The seismic design of the refuge buildings used for earthquake refuge shall meet the following requirements:
1 The refuge building shall adopt a structural system with multiple seismic fortification lines.
2 The design of the refuge building shall be capable of resisting continuous collapse.
3 When the seismic fortification intensity in this area is 6~8 degrees, the refuge building shall take seismic measures according to the requirements of 1 degree higher than the seismic fortification intensity in this area; When the seismic fortification intensity in this area is 9 degrees, the refuge building shall take seismic measures higher than 9 degrees.
4 The non structural components of the building and the auxiliary electromechanical equipment of the building as well as their connection with the main structure shall adopt the seismic design, and measures shall be taken to strengthen the connection or flexible connection with the main structure.
4.3.6 The design of the safe building type refuge building located in the flood storage and detention area shall meet the following requirements:
1 The design height of the bottom surface of the safety floor near the water surface shall not be lower than the sum of the design water level of the safety building, the height of the wave crest above the still water surface, the height of the wind surge and the safety superelevation, and the safety superelevation shall not be less than 0.5m.
5 Urban sculpture
Foreword
In order to adapt to the international technical regulations and the prevailing rules of technical standards, since 2016, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development has successively issued the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Engineering Construction Standardization and other documents, proposing the long-term goal of the government to develop mandatory standards and social organizations to develop voluntary standards, and defining the reform task of gradually replacing the scattered mandatory provisions in the current standards with full text mandatory engineering construction specifications, Gradually form a "technical regulation" system consisting of technical provisions in laws, administrative regulations, departmental rules and full text mandatory project construction specifications.
About the types of specifications. The mandatory engineering construction specification system covers all kinds of construction projects in the engineering construction field, which is divided into two types: engineering project specifications (project specifications for short) and general technical specifications (general specifications for short). The project specification takes the overall engineering construction project as the object, and takes the project's scale, layout, function, performance and key technical measures as the main content. The general specification takes the general technology of all disciplines to meet the functional performance requirements of the engineering construction project as the object, and takes the general technical requirements of survey, design, construction, maintenance, maintenance, etc. as the main content. In the full text of the mandatory project construction specification system, the project specification is the backbone, and the general specification is the provision of common and common professional key technical measures for various projects.
About the five major factor indicators. The elements in the mandatory project construction specifications are the basic provisions to ensure the systematization and efficiency improvement of urban and rural infrastructure construction, and the basic requirements to support the high-quality development of urban and rural construction. The scale requirements of the project mainly stipulate that the construction project should have a complete production or service capacity, and should adapt to the level of economic and social development. The layout requirements of the project mainly specify the industrial layout, construction project site selection, overall design, general layout and overall technical requirements in coordination with the scale. The reasonable distribution of supply capacity should be considered to improve the overall level of related facilities construction. The functional requirements of the project mainly specify the composition and purpose of the project, and define the basic constituent units of the project, which is the guarantee for the project to play its expected role. The performance requirements of the project mainly specify the construction level or technical level of the construction project, reflect the applicability of the construction project, and specify the basic level of project quality, safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, livable environment and sustainable development. The key technical measures are the basic technical provisions for realizing the functional and performance requirements of the construction project, and the basic guarantee for implementing the development goals of urban and rural construction, such as safety, green, resilience, wisdom, livability, fairness and efficiency.
About the implementation of specifications. Compulsory project construction specifications have mandatory binding force and are intended to safeguard the safety of people's lives and property, human health, project safety, ecological environment safety, public rights and interests, as well as promote the conservation and utilization of energy resources, meet the regulatory baseline requirements in economic and social management, etc. The survey, design, construction, acceptance, maintenance, maintenance, demolition and other construction activities of engineering construction projects must be strictly implemented throughout the whole process, Among them, for the existing building reconstruction project (referring to not changing the existing use function), when the conditions are not available and it is really difficult to implement the current specifications, it should not be lower than the original construction standards. The recommended engineering construction standards supporting the mandatory engineering construction specifications are mature technical measures that have been tested in practice to ensure that the requirements of the mandatory specifications are met, and should also be implemented in general. On the premise of meeting the project function, performance requirements and key technical measures specified in the mandatory project construction specifications, relevant group standards and enterprise standards can be reasonably selected to optimize or reach a higher level of project function and performance. Recommended engineering construction standards, group standards and enterprise standards shall be coordinated with the mandatory engineering construction specifications, and the technical requirements shall not be lower than the relevant technical level of the mandatory engineering construction specifications.
After the implementation of the mandatory engineering construction specifications, the mandatory provisions in the current relevant national standards and industrial standards for engineering construction shall be abolished at the same time. The mandatory provisions in the current local standards for engineering construction shall be revised in a timely manner and shall not be lower than the provisions of the mandatory engineering construction specifications. If the relevant provisions in the current project construction standards (including mandatory standards and recommended standards) are inconsistent with the provisions of the mandatory project construction specifications, the provisions of the mandatory project construction specifications shall prevail.
1 General
1.0.1 This specification is formulated to define the basic functions, performance and key technical measures requirements of special facilities projects and standardize the construction of special facilities projects.
1.0.2 Special facilities such as urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery, disaster prevention refuge and urban sculpture must comply with this specification.
1.0.3 The construction of special facilities projects shall adhere to the principles of reasonable layout, green low-carbon, safe operation and maintenance, and shall be combined in the near future.
1.0.4 Whether the technical methods and measures adopted in the project construction meet the requirements of this specification shall be determined by the relevant responsible subject. Among them, innovative technical methods and measures shall be demonstrated and conform to relevant performance requirements in this specification.
2 Basic regulations
2.0.1 The configuration of special facility space, equipment and ancillary facilities shall meet the requirements of use functions, and shall meet the requirements of comprehensive disaster prevention, ecological protection and personal health protection.
2.0.2 The special facility base shall be selected in the section with low risk of geological disasters and shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The ground special facility base shall be located in the area with good sanitary conditions such as natural lighting and ventilation, and the air, soil and water in the surrounding environment shall not pose a hazard to human health;
2 The distance between ground auxiliary facilities such as buildings (structures) at the entrance of ground special facilities and underground special facilities and buildings, warehouses, storage tanks, combustible materials and material yards prone to danger shall meet the requirements for safety protection distance;
3 The site elevation of the ground special facility base shall not be lower than the control elevation determined for urban flood control and waterlogging prevention, and the rainwater collection and discharge at the site shall be taken into account to regulate and store rainwater and reduce runoff discharge.
2.0.3 The construction and operation of special facilities shall meet the following requirements:
The construction of underground special facilities should pay attention to the protection of underground space resources, and take necessary protective measures for the ecological environment and cultural heritage;
2 The layout of equipment rooms and auxiliary facilities of special facilities shall not endanger the safety of public space, and measures shall be taken to reduce the impact on the landscape;
3 When noise and waste gas pollution may occur during the use of special facilities and equipment, noise reduction and emission reduction measures shall be taken to avoid adverse effects on adjacent buildings;
4 The special facilities shall make rational and effective use of energy and water resources.
2.0.4 Materials and equipment with qualified quality and meeting green and environmental requirements shall be selected for special facilities.
2.0.5 When the special facilities reach the design working life or encounter natural disasters and need to continue to be used, they should be tested and identified, and they can continue to be used only after being treated as qualified according to the identification conclusion.
3 Urban underground comprehensive pipe gallery
3.1 General provisions
3.1.1 When urban engineering pipelines are included in the comprehensive pipe gallery, the following requirements shall be met:
1 The trunk comprehensive pipe gallery shall be used when laying the urban trunk pipeline;
2 The branch comprehensive pipe gallery or cable comprehensive pipe gallery shall be used when laying urban distribution pipeline.
3.1.2 Comprehensive pipe gallery shall be constructed according to functional requirements.
3.1.3 When building new urban areas and urban renewal, comprehensive pipe racks should be built in important sections and areas with dense pipelines.
3.1.4 The construction of comprehensive pipe gallery shall be reasonably arranged according to the urban development objectives, development scale, land use, spatial layout, etc. The deployment of comprehensive pipe gallery shall be determined in combination with the planning or use of urban underground pipelines, as well as urban roads, rail transit, water supply, rainwater, sewage, reclaimed water, natural gas, heat, electricity, radio and television, communications and other facilities, and shall meet the requirements of ecological environment protection.
3.1.5 In the construction planning of the comprehensive pipe gallery project, the three-dimensional control line of the comprehensive pipe gallery shall be defined, and the scope of land for monitoring centers at all levels of the comprehensive pipe gallery shall be defined.
3.1.6 Auxiliary facilities such as fire protection, ventilation, power supply, lighting, monitoring and alarm, drainage, and identification shall be provided for trunk and branch comprehensive pipe corridors.
3.1.7 The construction materials of the comprehensive pipe gallery shall be determined according to the structure type, stress conditions, use requirements and environmental conditions, and the main structure materials shall meet the structural safety and durability requirements.
3.1.8 The pipelines and equipment in the comprehensive pipe gallery shall be waterproof, moisture-proof, fireproof, explosion-proof and other measures according to the operating environment and the need to deal with accident hazards.
3.1.9 The daily management unit of the comprehensive pipeline corridor shall establish and improve the operation and maintenance management system and operation and maintenance archives, and shall work with the professional pipeline unit to prepare the pipeline maintenance management methods, implementation rules and emergency plans.
3.2 Trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery
3.2.1 The structural design working life of trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery shall be 100 years.
3.2.2 Measures to prevent water leakage shall be taken for trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery, and the total wetted area of the internal surface of the structure shall not be greater than 1/1000 of the total waterproof area; There shall be no more than 2 wet spots on any 100m2 waterproof area, and the area of a single wet spot shall not be more than 0.1m2.
3.2.3 The seismic fortification standards for trunk and branch comprehensive pipe corridors shall be determined according to Class B structures.
3.2.4 The opening structures exposed from the ground of the trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery shall be coordinated with the surrounding urban landscape. The elevation of the opening with an opening shall be raised, a closed cover plate shall be set, or other measures shall be taken to prevent surface water from flowing back, so as to meet the requirements for waterlogging prevention with a recurrence period of no less than 100 years. The opening elevation of flood threatened areas shall not be less than 0.5m above the flood control water level.
3.2.5 Measures shall be taken to prevent irrelevant personnel and small animals from entering the mouth structures exposed to the ground in the trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and branch comprehensive pipe gallery.
3.2.6 The internal clear height of trunk comprehensive pipe gallery shall not be less than 2.111.
3.2.7 The clear width of the maintenance passage of the trunk comprehensive pipe gallery and the branch comprehensive pipe gallery shall meet the requirements for personnel access, patrol inspection, maintenance, and transportation of pipes, fittings, and equipment, and shall meet the following requirements:
3.3 Comprehensive pipeline corridor
3.3.1 Natural gas pipeline and steam pipeline shall not be laid in the cable comprehensive pipe gallery.
3.3.2 The branch of the pipeline of the cable comprehensive pipe gallery shall meet the requirements of the centralized access points of the plot, and the internal space of the branch shall meet the requirements of the turning radius of the cable with the largest section.
4 Disaster prevention shelter
4.1 Construction requirements
4.1.1 Disaster prevention shelters shall be divided into emergency shelters, fixed shelters and central shelters according to their configuration function level, refuge scale and opening hours.
4.1.2 Priority should be given to the public space with high terrain, flat terrain, good drainage and air circulation, and certain infrastructure; Refuge buildings should give priority to public buildings with high disaster resistance standards and good disaster resistance. The safety shall meet the following requirements:
1 Avoid the sections where landslide, collapse, subsidence, ground fissure and mud rock flow may occur, as well as the places where surface dislocation may occur on the seismic fault zone, and avoid flood discharge areas, flood diversion outlets, flood inflow or outflow mainstream areas, mountain torrent threat areas and high-voltage line corridors during flood;
2 The production and storage sites for inflammable, explosive and toxic dangerous goods, serious pollution sources and other sections prone to secondary disasters shall be avoided, and shall be located at a safe distance;
3 The area affected by collapse and falling objects of surrounding buildings (structures) shall be kept away from the safe distance;
4 It is strictly forbidden to cross long-distance natural gas pipelines and oil pipelines in disaster prevention and refuge sites. The laying around the site shall meet the requirements of safety protection distance.
4.1.3 The accessibility of disaster prevention shelters shall meet the following requirements:
1 There should be reliable traffic connection between the central refuge place and the outside of the town, and there should be evacuation passage connection with the surrounding refuge places;
2 Fixed shelters shall establish safe refuge contact with the residential areas in the responsible area.
4.1.4 When the underground space is used as a disaster prevention refuge, it shall ensure the normal operation of power supply, ventilation and other infrastructure after the disaster, and the safety of personnel in and out.
4.2 Layout and facilities
4.2.1 The service scope of a single urban central shelter should not exceed 50km2 of construction land, and the service capacity should not exceed 500000 people.
4.2.2 The scale of the fixed refuge place that can accommodate the refugees shall not be less than 15% of the planned population within its responsibility area.
4.2.3 The per capita effective refuge area in different refuge periods shall not be less than the provisions in Table 4.2.3.
4.3 Refuge buildings
4.3.1 Except for flood control refuge buildings, the residence function of refuge buildings with refuge capacity greater than the size of the building's normal users shall be preferably located on the first floor and the second floor; When it is really necessary to set it on the third floor or above, the safety entrances and exits, evacuation stairs and fire-fighting facilities shall meet the fire safety requirements.
4.3.2 The refuge building shall avoid the earthquake fault zone, and the escape distance shall not be less than 500m.
4.3.3 Refuge buildings shall be constructed according to accessibility requirements.
4.3.4 The underground space used for personnel refuge or material storage and the refuge building with special requirements for ventilation shall be equipped with emergency ventilation facilities.
4.3.5 The seismic design of the refuge buildings used for earthquake refuge shall meet the following requirements:
1 The refuge building shall adopt a structural system with multiple seismic fortification lines.
2 The design of the refuge building shall be capable of resisting continuous collapse.
3 When the seismic fortification intensity in this area is 6~8 degrees, the refuge building shall take seismic measures according to the requirements of 1 degree higher than the seismic fortification intensity in this area; When the seismic fortification intensity in this area is 9 degrees, the refuge building shall take seismic measures higher than 9 degrees.
4 The non structural components of the building and the auxiliary electromechanical equipment of the building as well as their connection with the main structure shall adopt the seismic design, and measures shall be taken to strengthen the connection or flexible connection with the main structure.
4.3.6 The design of the safe building type refuge building located in the flood storage and detention area shall meet the following requirements:
1 The design height of the bottom surface of the safety floor near the water surface shall not be lower than the sum of the design water level of the safety building, the height of the wave crest above the still water surface, the height of the wind surge and the safety superelevation, and the safety superelevation shall not be less than 0.5m.
5 Urban sculpture
