Non-destructive testing - Terminology -Part 13 : Ultrasonic testing with arrays
1 Scope
This document defines terms used in ultrasonic testing with arrays. This includes phased array technology and signal processing technology using arrays, e.g. the full-matrix capture (FMC) (3.3.1.28) and the total focusing technique (TFM) (3.3.1.35).
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
- ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
- IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Terms related to sound
3.1.1
main lobe main beam
sound beam in the intended direction, typically with the highest pressure within the sound field
Note: This applies to conventional and array probes (3.2.1.3).
3.1.2
side lobe
part of the sound field which corresponds to a local maximum in the far field, deviating from the direction of the main lobe (3.1.1) and typically lower in amplitude
Note: This applies to conventional and array probes (3.2.1.3).
3.1.3
grating lobe
parasitic replication of the main lobe (3.1.1) caused by spatial under sampling [low ratio between wavelength and pitch (3.2.1.16)], deviating from the direction of the main lobe and possibly of similar amplitude
Note: This applies to array probes (3.2.1.3) only.
3.2 Terms related to the test equipment
3.2.1 Probes
3.2.1.1
array
piezoelectric plate divided into several elements (3.2.1.2), which are acoustically and
electrically separated
3.2.1.2
array element
element
smallest part of the array (3.2.1.1) acting as a transducer
Note: See Figure 1.
3.2.1.3
array probe
probe with an array (3.2.1.1) of elements (3.2.1.2) for transmitting and/or receiving
3.2.1.4
arrangement of the array
spatial distribution of all the elements (3.2.1.2) in an array (3.2.1.1)
3.2.1.5
linear array
1-D-linear array
array (3.2.1.1) of elements (3.2.1.2) arranged in a single straight line allowing steering in one direction [primary axis (3.2.1.18)] and focusing in the depth direction
Note: See Figure 2.
3.2.1.6
annular array
array (3.2.1.1) of ring-shaped elements (3.2.1.2) arranged concentrically allowing focusing in the depth direction
Note: See Figure 3.
3.2.1.7
sectorial annular array
annular array (3.2.1.6) with the rings divided into sectors allowing steering in two directions and focusing in the depth direction
Note: See Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Non-destructive testing - Terminology -Part 13 : Ultrasonic testing with arrays
1 Scope
This document defines terms used in ultrasonic testing with arrays. This includes phased array technology and signal processing technology using arrays, e.g. the full-matrix capture (FMC) (3.3.1.28) and the total focusing technique (TFM) (3.3.1.35).
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
- ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
- IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Terms related to sound
3.1.1
main lobe main beam
sound beam in the intended direction, typically with the highest pressure within the sound field
Note: This applies to conventional and array probes (3.2.1.3).
3.1.2
side lobe
part of the sound field which corresponds to a local maximum in the far field, deviating from the direction of the main lobe (3.1.1) and typically lower in amplitude
Note: This applies to conventional and array probes (3.2.1.3).
3.1.3
grating lobe
parasitic replication of the main lobe (3.1.1) caused by spatial under sampling [low ratio between wavelength and pitch (3.2.1.16)], deviating from the direction of the main lobe and possibly of similar amplitude
Note: This applies to array probes (3.2.1.3) only.
3.2 Terms related to the test equipment
3.2.1 Probes
3.2.1.1
array
piezoelectric plate divided into several elements (3.2.1.2), which are acoustically and
electrically separated
3.2.1.2
array element
element
smallest part of the array (3.2.1.1) acting as a transducer
Note: See Figure 1.
3.2.1.3
array probe
probe with an array (3.2.1.1) of elements (3.2.1.2) for transmitting and/or receiving
3.2.1.4
arrangement of the array
spatial distribution of all the elements (3.2.1.2) in an array (3.2.1.1)
3.2.1.5
linear array
1-D-linear array
array (3.2.1.1) of elements (3.2.1.2) arranged in a single straight line allowing steering in one direction [primary axis (3.2.1.18)] and focusing in the depth direction
Note: See Figure 2.
3.2.1.6
annular array
array (3.2.1.1) of ring-shaped elements (3.2.1.2) arranged concentrically allowing focusing in the depth direction
Note: See Figure 3.
3.2.1.7
sectorial annular array
annular array (3.2.1.6) with the rings divided into sectors allowing steering in two directions and focusing in the depth direction
Note: See Figure 4 and Figure 5.
