Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard was drafted according to the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 14685-2001 "Pebble and Crushed Stone for Building"; and the main technical content changes compared with GB/T 14685-2001 are listed as follows:
- Standard name was modified (the cover of Edition 2001 and the cover of this edition);
- Application scope was modified (Chapter 1 of Edition 2001 and Chapter 1 of this edition);
- Definition of crushed stone was modified (Section 3.2 of Edition 2001 and Section 3.2 of this edition);
- The original purpose and specifications were deleted (Section 4.2 and 4.4 of Edition 2001);
- General requirements of stones for construction were added (Chapter 5 of this edition);
- Technical requirements of grain composition, clod content, elongated or flat particle content and pebble crushing index were modified (Section 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.6 of Edition 2001 and Section 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 and 6.6 of this edition);
- Technical requirements of apparent density, stacking density and voidage were modified (Section 5.7 of Edition 2001 and Section 6.7 and 6.10 of this edition);
- Technical requirements of water absorption were added (Section 6.8 of this edition);
- Technical requirements of water ratio were added (Section 6.10 of this edition);
- Test method of apparent density was modified (Section 6.12 of Edition 2001 and Section 7.12 of this edition);
- Test method of alkali-carbonate reaction was modified (Section 6.14 of Edition 2001 and Section 7.15 of this edition);
- Requirements of delivery inspection items were modified (Article 7.1.1 of Edition 2001 and Article 8.1.1 of this edition);
- Requirements of type inspection were modified (Article 7.1.2 of Edition 2001 and Article 8.1.2 of this edition);
- Criterion rule was modified (Article 7.3.2 of Edition 2001 and Article 8.3.2 of this edition).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of China Building Materials Federation.
Drafting organizations: China Sand Stone Association, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture and Technical Supervision and Research Center of the Building Materials Industry.
Participating drafting organizations: Shanghai Jianshe Luqiao Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Building Science Research Institute (group) Co., Ltd., Beijing Building Materials Quality Supervision Test Center, Xi'an Highway Institute, Liaoning Building Material Scientific Research Institute, Beijing Energy Conservation and Building Material Management Office, Henan Huixian Natural Resource Co., Ltd., Beijing Hengkun Concrete Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Yifan Machinery Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Huawei Building Material Group Co., Ltd., Jiaozuo Construction Engineering Group, Chongqing Daai Building Material Co., Ltd., Beijing Xinao Concrete Group Co., Ltd., Henan Shangqiu Construction Committee Manufactured Sand Research Society, Metso Minerals International Trade Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Richangsheng Building Material Co., Ltd., Ningbo Lutong Cement Product Co., Ltd. and Guizhou CINTBC Heavy Equipment (China) Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs: Chen Jialong, Zhou Wenjuan, Yang Bin, Shang Zhikun, Han Ruimin, Yao Lijun, Gao Chao, Xu Lin, Zhang Bo, Huang Wei, He Huiyong, Yang Qinsheng, Duan Xionghui, Yuan Haisheng, Zhou Tanggui, Qin Lianping, Lu Jian, Wang Yifeng, Sun Tao, Zhang Chaohui, Wang Jianzhong, Zhang Changcheng, Chen Bin and Liu Jinsong.
The previous editions of the standards replaced by this standard are as:
- GB/T 14685-1993;
- GB/T 14685-2001.
Contents
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Classification 2
5 General Requirements 2
6 Technical Requirements 2
7 Test Methods 2
8 Inspection Rules 24
9 Mark, Storage and Transportation 25
Annex A (Normative) Aggregate Alkali Reactivity Inspection 26
Reference 27
Pebble and Crushed Stone for Construction
建设用卵石、碎石
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definitions, classification and specification, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, symbol, storage and transportation of pebble and crushed stone for building.
This standard is applicable to the cement concrete for construction engineering (except hydraulic structure) and the pebbles and crushed stones used for its products.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated normative references, only the dated editions are applicable to this document. For undated references, the latest editions of the normative documents (including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB 175 Common Portland Cement
GB/T 2419 Test Method for Fluidity of Cement Mortar
GB/T 6003.1 Test Sieves of Metal Wire Cloth
GB/T 6003.2 Test Sieves of Perforated Metal Plate
GB 6566 Limit of Radionuclides in Building Materials
GB/T 17671 Method of Testing Cements--Determination of Strength
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 Pebble
Rock particles, particle size larger than 4.75mm, formed through natural weathering, potamic transport, sorting and stacking.
3.2 Crushed stone
Rock particles with particle size larger than 4.75mm that are made of natural rock, pebble or mining barren rock through mechanical crashing and screening of natural rock or pebble.
3.3 Elongated or flat particle
Elongated particles are those pebble and crushed stone particles whose length is larger than 2.4 times of the average particle diameter of the corresponding size fraction; flaky particles are those whose thickness is less than 0.4 times of the average particle diameter (average particle diameter refers to the average value of the upper and lower limit particle size).
3.4 Clay content
Material finer than 75 μm in pebble and crushed stone
3.5 Clay lumps and friable particles content
Contents of particles in the pebble and crushed stone whose original particle size is larger than 4.75mm, and less than 2.36mm after immersion cleaning with water and squeezing with hands
3.6 Soundness
The ability of pebble and crushed stone to resist fracture under the action of natural weathering and other external physicochemical factors
3.7 Alkali-aggregate reaction
Expansion reaction of concrete components such as concrete and admixture, alkali in the environment, as well as alkali active mineral in the aggregate occurring slowly in the humid environment and resulting in concrete cracking damage.
4 Classification
4.1 Classification
Stones for construction are divided into:
a) Pebble;
b) Crushed stone.
4.2 Type
They can be divided into Type I, Type II and Type III according to the technical requirements of pebble and crushed stone.
5 General Requirements
5.1 The harmful substances of crushed stones produced by mullock shall not only comply with the requirements of Section 6.4 but also comply with the relevant standards and codes of China's environmental protection and safety; they shall not be harmful to the human body, living beings, environment and concrete performances.
5.2 The radioactivity of pebbles and crushed stones shall meet the requirements of GB 6566.
6 Technical Requirements
6.1 Grain composition
The grain composition of pebble and crushed stone shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 Grain Composition
Nominal particle size, mm accumulative screen residue, %
Square hole sieve mm
2.36 4.75 9.5 16 19 26.5 31.5 37.5 53 63 75 90
Continuous size fraction
5～16 95～100 85～100 30～60 0～10 0
5～20 95～100 90～100 40～80 － 0～10 0
5～25 95～100 90～100 － 30～70 － 0～5 0
5～31.5 95～100 90～100 70～90 － 15～45 － 0～5 0
5～40 － 95～100 70～90 － 30～65 － － 0～5 0
Single size fraction 5～10 95～100 80～100 0～15 0
10～16 95～100 80～100 0～15
10～20 95～100 85～100 － 0～15 0
16～25 95～100 55～70 25～40 0～10
16～31.5 95～100 85～100 0～10 0
20～40 95～100 80～100 0～10 0
40～80 95～100 70～100 30～60 0～10 0
6.2 Clay content and clay lumps and friable particles content
The clay content and clay lumps and friable particles content of pebble and crushed stone shall meet the requirements of Table 2.
The content of elongated or flat particle of pebble and crushed stone shall meet the requirements of Table 3.
Table 3 Content of Elongated or Flat Particle
Item Type I Type II Type III
Elongated or flat particle total content
(by mass), % ≤5 ≤10 ≤15
6.4 Hazardous substances
The content of hazardous substances shall meet the requirements of Table 4.
Table 4 Content of Hazardous Substances
Item Type I Type II Type III
Organics qualified qualified qualified
Sulfide and sulfate(by SO3 mass), % ≤0.5 ≤1.0 ≤1.0
6.5 Soundness
When sodium sulfate solution method is adopted in the test, the mass loss of pebble and crushed stone shall meet the requirements of Table 5.
Table 5 Soundness Index
Item Type I Type II Type III
Mass loss, % ≤5 ≤8 ≤12
6.6 Strength
6.6.1 Compressive strength of rock
Under the water saturation state, the compressive strength igneous rock shall not be less than 80 MPa; the metamorphic rock shall not be less than 60 MPa; the aqueous rock shall not be less than 30 MPa.
6.6.2 Crushing index
The crushing index shall be less than the provisions in Table 6.
The apparent density, continuous grading loose stacking voidage of pebbles and crushed stones shall meet the following requirements:
- Apparent density shall not be less than 2600kg/m2;
- Continuous grading loose stacking voidage shall be in accordance with those specified in Table7 .
Table 7 Continuous Grading Loose Stacking Voidage
Item Type I Type II Type III
Voidage, % ≤43 ≤45 ≤47
6.8 Water absorption
Water absorption shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 8.
Table 8 Water Absorption
Item Type I Type II Type III
Water absorption , % ≤1.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.0
6.9 Alkali-aggregate reaction
After the test of alkali-aggregate reaction, the specimen made of pebble and crushed stone shall be free from such phenomenon as cracks, split and colloid overflow; the expansion ratio in the specified testing age shall be less than 0.10%.
6.10 Water ratio and stacking density
Report the measured value.
1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Classification 5 General Requirements 6 Technical Requirements 7 Test Methods 8 Inspection Rules 9 Mark, Storage and Transportation Annex A (Normative) Aggregate Alkali Reactivity Inspection Reference
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard was drafted according to the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 14685-2001 "Pebble and Crushed Stone for Building"; and the main technical content changes compared with GB/T 14685-2001 are listed as follows:
- Standard name was modified (the cover of Edition 2001 and the cover of this edition);
- Application scope was modified (Chapter 1 of Edition 2001 and Chapter 1 of this edition);
- Definition of crushed stone was modified (Section 3.2 of Edition 2001 and Section 3.2 of this edition);
- The original purpose and specifications were deleted (Section 4.2 and 4.4 of Edition 2001);
- General requirements of stones for construction were added (Chapter 5 of this edition);
- Technical requirements of grain composition, clod content, elongated or flat particle content and pebble crushing index were modified (Section 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.6 of Edition 2001 and Section 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 and 6.6 of this edition);
- Technical requirements of apparent density, stacking density and voidage were modified (Section 5.7 of Edition 2001 and Section 6.7 and 6.10 of this edition);
- Technical requirements of water absorption were added (Section 6.8 of this edition);
- Technical requirements of water ratio were added (Section 6.10 of this edition);
- Test method of apparent density was modified (Section 6.12 of Edition 2001 and Section 7.12 of this edition);
- Test method of alkali-carbonate reaction was modified (Section 6.14 of Edition 2001 and Section 7.15 of this edition);
- Requirements of delivery inspection items were modified (Article 7.1.1 of Edition 2001 and Article 8.1.1 of this edition);
- Requirements of type inspection were modified (Article 7.1.2 of Edition 2001 and Article 8.1.2 of this edition);
- Criterion rule was modified (Article 7.3.2 of Edition 2001 and Article 8.3.2 of this edition).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of China Building Materials Federation.
Drafting organizations: China Sand Stone Association, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture and Technical Supervision and Research Center of the Building Materials Industry.
Participating drafting organizations: Shanghai Jianshe Luqiao Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Building Science Research Institute (group) Co., Ltd., Beijing Building Materials Quality Supervision Test Center, Xi'an Highway Institute, Liaoning Building Material Scientific Research Institute, Beijing Energy Conservation and Building Material Management Office, Henan Huixian Natural Resource Co., Ltd., Beijing Hengkun Concrete Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Yifan Machinery Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Huawei Building Material Group Co., Ltd., Jiaozuo Construction Engineering Group, Chongqing Daai Building Material Co., Ltd., Beijing Xinao Concrete Group Co., Ltd., Henan Shangqiu Construction Committee Manufactured Sand Research Society, Metso Minerals International Trade Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Richangsheng Building Material Co., Ltd., Ningbo Lutong Cement Product Co., Ltd. and Guizhou CINTBC Heavy Equipment (China) Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs: Chen Jialong, Zhou Wenjuan, Yang Bin, Shang Zhikun, Han Ruimin, Yao Lijun, Gao Chao, Xu Lin, Zhang Bo, Huang Wei, He Huiyong, Yang Qinsheng, Duan Xionghui, Yuan Haisheng, Zhou Tanggui, Qin Lianping, Lu Jian, Wang Yifeng, Sun Tao, Zhang Chaohui, Wang Jianzhong, Zhang Changcheng, Chen Bin and Liu Jinsong.
The previous editions of the standards replaced by this standard are as:
- GB/T 14685-1993;
- GB/T 14685-2001.
Contents
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Classification 2
5 General Requirements 2
6 Technical Requirements 2
7 Test Methods 2
8 Inspection Rules 24
9 Mark, Storage and Transportation 25
Annex A (Normative) Aggregate Alkali Reactivity Inspection 26
Reference 27
Pebble and Crushed Stone for Construction
建设用卵石、碎石
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definitions, classification and specification, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, symbol, storage and transportation of pebble and crushed stone for building.
This standard is applicable to the cement concrete for construction engineering (except hydraulic structure) and the pebbles and crushed stones used for its products.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated normative references, only the dated editions are applicable to this document. For undated references, the latest editions of the normative documents (including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB 175 Common Portland Cement
GB/T 2419 Test Method for Fluidity of Cement Mortar
GB/T 6003.1 Test Sieves of Metal Wire Cloth
GB/T 6003.2 Test Sieves of Perforated Metal Plate
GB 6566 Limit of Radionuclides in Building Materials
GB/T 17671 Method of Testing Cements--Determination of Strength
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 Pebble
Rock particles, particle size larger than 4.75mm, formed through natural weathering, potamic transport, sorting and stacking.
3.2 Crushed stone
Rock particles with particle size larger than 4.75mm that are made of natural rock, pebble or mining barren rock through mechanical crashing and screening of natural rock or pebble.
3.3 Elongated or flat particle
Elongated particles are those pebble and crushed stone particles whose length is larger than 2.4 times of the average particle diameter of the corresponding size fraction; flaky particles are those whose thickness is less than 0.4 times of the average particle diameter (average particle diameter refers to the average value of the upper and lower limit particle size).
3.4 Clay content
Material finer than 75 μm in pebble and crushed stone
3.5 Clay lumps and friable particles content
Contents of particles in the pebble and crushed stone whose original particle size is larger than 4.75mm, and less than 2.36mm after immersion cleaning with water and squeezing with hands
3.6 Soundness
The ability of pebble and crushed stone to resist fracture under the action of natural weathering and other external physicochemical factors
3.7 Alkali-aggregate reaction
Expansion reaction of concrete components such as concrete and admixture, alkali in the environment, as well as alkali active mineral in the aggregate occurring slowly in the humid environment and resulting in concrete cracking damage.
4 Classification
4.1 Classification
Stones for construction are divided into:
a) Pebble;
b) Crushed stone.
4.2 Type
They can be divided into Type I, Type II and Type III according to the technical requirements of pebble and crushed stone.
5 General Requirements
5.1 The harmful substances of crushed stones produced by mullock shall not only comply with the requirements of Section 6.4 but also comply with the relevant standards and codes of China's environmental protection and safety; they shall not be harmful to the human body, living beings, environment and concrete performances.
5.2 The radioactivity of pebbles and crushed stones shall meet the requirements of GB 6566.
6 Technical Requirements
6.1 Grain composition
The grain composition of pebble and crushed stone shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 Grain Composition
Nominal particle size, mm accumulative screen residue, %
Square hole sieve mm
2.36 4.75 9.5 16 19 26.5 31.5 37.5 53 63 75 90
Continuous size fraction
5～16 95～100 85～100 30～60 0～10 0
5～20 95～100 90～100 40～80 － 0～10 0
5～25 95～100 90～100 － 30～70 － 0～5 0
5～31.5 95～100 90～100 70～90 － 15～45 － 0～5 0
5～40 － 95～100 70～90 － 30～65 － － 0～5 0
Single size fraction 5～10 95～100 80～100 0～15 0
10～16 95～100 80～100 0～15
10～20 95～100 85～100 － 0～15 0
16～25 95～100 55～70 25～40 0～10
16～31.5 95～100 85～100 0～10 0
20～40 95～100 80～100 0～10 0
40～80 95～100 70～100 30～60 0～10 0
6.2 Clay content and clay lumps and friable particles content
The clay content and clay lumps and friable particles content of pebble and crushed stone shall meet the requirements of Table 2.
Table 2 The Clay Content and Clay Lump
Item Type I Type II Type III
Clay content (by mass), % ≤0.5 ≤1.0 ≤1.5
Clay lumps and friable particles content (by mass), % 0 ≤0.2 ≤0.5
6.3 Content of elongated or flat particle
The content of elongated or flat particle of pebble and crushed stone shall meet the requirements of Table 3.
Table 3 Content of Elongated or Flat Particle
Item Type I Type II Type III
Elongated or flat particle total content
(by mass), % ≤5 ≤10 ≤15
6.4 Hazardous substances
The content of hazardous substances shall meet the requirements of Table 4.
Table 4 Content of Hazardous Substances
Item Type I Type II Type III
Organics qualified qualified qualified
Sulfide and sulfate(by SO3 mass), % ≤0.5 ≤1.0 ≤1.0
6.5 Soundness
When sodium sulfate solution method is adopted in the test, the mass loss of pebble and crushed stone shall meet the requirements of Table 5.
Table 5 Soundness Index
Item Type I Type II Type III
Mass loss, % ≤5 ≤8 ≤12
6.6 Strength
6.6.1 Compressive strength of rock
Under the water saturation state, the compressive strength igneous rock shall not be less than 80 MPa; the metamorphic rock shall not be less than 60 MPa; the aqueous rock shall not be less than 30 MPa.
6.6.2 Crushing index
The crushing index shall be less than the provisions in Table 6.
Table 6 Crushing Index
Item Type I Type II Type III
Crushed stone crushing index, % ≤10 ≤20 ≤30
Pebble crushing index, % ≤12 ≤14 ≤16
6.7 Apparent density, continuous grading loose stacking voidage
The apparent density, continuous grading loose stacking voidage of pebbles and crushed stones shall meet the following requirements:
- Apparent density shall not be less than 2600kg/m2;
- Continuous grading loose stacking voidage shall be in accordance with those specified in Table7 .
Table 7 Continuous Grading Loose Stacking Voidage
Item Type I Type II Type III
Voidage, % ≤43 ≤45 ≤47
6.8 Water absorption
Water absorption shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 8.
Table 8 Water Absorption
Item Type I Type II Type III
Water absorption , % ≤1.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.0
6.9 Alkali-aggregate reaction
After the test of alkali-aggregate reaction, the specimen made of pebble and crushed stone shall be free from such phenomenon as cracks, split and colloid overflow; the expansion ratio in the specified testing age shall be less than 0.10%.
6.10 Water ratio and stacking density
Report the measured value.
Contents of GB/T 14685-2011
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Classification
5 General Requirements
6 Technical Requirements
7 Test Methods
8 Inspection Rules
9 Mark, Storage and Transportation
Annex A (Normative) Aggregate Alkali Reactivity Inspection
Reference
