GB/T 16555-2025 Chemical analysis of refractories containing carbon, silicon carbide or nitride English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS 81.080
CCS H 57
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 16555-2025
Replaces GB/T 16555-2017
Chemical analysis of refractories containing carbon,silicon carbide or nitride
Issue date: 2025-08-29 Implementation date: 2026-03-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Apparatus and Equipment
5 Sample Preparation
6 General Rules
7 Determination of Heat Treatment Loss
8 Determination of Ignition Loss and Volatile Matter
9 Determination of Total Carbon Content
10 Determination of Free Carbon Content
11 Determination of Silicon Carbide Content
12 Determination of Total Nitrogen and Total Oxygen Content
13 Determination of Silicon Nitride Content
14 Determination of Free Silicon Content
15 Determination of Free Aluminum Content
16 Determination of Iron Oxide and Aluminum Oxide Content—EDTA Titration Method (Continuous Titration of Iron and Aluminum)
17 Determination of Oxide Content [Silicon Dioxide, Aluminum Oxide, Iron Oxide, Titanium Dioxide, Calcium Oxide, Magnesium Oxide, Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Zirconium Oxide (Hafnium), Hafnium Oxide, Yttrium Oxide, Chromium Trioxide, Manganese Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide]
18 Test Report
Appendix A (Normative) Acceptance Procedure for Analytical Results
Appendix B (Informative) Saturated Vapor Pressure of Water at Different Temperatures
Chemical Analysis Methods for Refractory Materials Containing Carbon, Silicon Carbide, and Nitrides
WARNING: Personnel using this document shall have practical experience in laboratory work and be familiar with the physicochemical properties of strong acids and bases. High-temperature processes and strong acid/base exposure during sample pretreatment pose significant hazards. Operators must master safe operating procedures. This document does not address all potential safety risks; users are responsible for implementing appropriate safety and health measures and ensuring compliance with national regulations.
1 Scope
This document specifies chemical analysis methods for the following parameters in refractory materials containing carbon, silicon carbide, and nitrides:
Heat treatment loss, Ignition loss, Volatile matter content, Total carbon content, Free carbon content, Silicon carbide content, Total nitrogen content, Total oxygen content, Silicon nitride content, Free silicon content, Free aluminum content, Iron oxide content, Aluminum oxide content, Other oxide contents
This document applies to carbon-containing, silicon carbide-containing, and silicon nitride-containing refractory materials, such as magnesia-carbon bricks, semi-graphitic carbon bricks, aluminum zirconium carbon bricks, silicon carbide-containing castables, and silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide bricks.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute essential requirements. For dated references, only the cited version applies; for undated references, the latest version (including amendments) applies.
GB/T 223.69—2008 Steel and Alloys—Determination of Carbon Content—Gas Volumetric Method After Combustion in a Tube Furnace
GB/T 4513.2 Unshaped Refractory Materials—Part 2: Sampling
GB/T 4984 Chemical Analysis Methods for Zirconium-containing Refractory Materials
GB/T 5069 Chemical Analysis Methods for Magnesia-alumina Refractory Materials
GB/T 5070 Chemical Analysis Methods for Chromium-containing Refractory Materials
GB/T 6682 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use—Specification and Test Methods
GB/T 6900—2025 Chemical Analysis Methods for Aluminum-silicon Refractory Materials
GB/T 6901 Chemical Analysis Methods for Silica Refractory Materials
GB/T 7728 General Rules for Chemical Analysis of Metallurgical Products—Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
GB/T 8170 Rules for Rounding off Numerical Values and Presentation and Judgment of Limit Values
GB/T 10325 Sampling Inspection Rules for Shaped Refractory Products
GB/T 12805 Laboratory Glassware—Burette
GB/T 12806 Laboratory Glassware—Volumetric Flask
GB/T 12808 Laboratory Glassware—Pipette
GB/T 17617 Sampling Inspection Rules for Refractory Raw Materials
GB/T 17732 Test Methods for Dense Shaped Carbon-containing Refractory Products
GB/T 18930 Terminology for Refractory Materials
3 Terms and Definitions
Terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 18930 apply to this document.
4 Apparatus and Equipment
4.1 Balance: readability 0.1 mg and 0.5 g.
4.2 Double-lid porcelain crucible.
4.3 Platinum or porcelain dish: 75 mL or larger.
4.4 Platinum or porcelain crucible: 30 mL or larger.
4.5 Electric furnace: 3,000 W with automatic temperature control.
4.6 Draft oven: maximum operating temperature ≥300°C with automatic temperature control.
4.7 Tube furnace: maximum operating temperature ≥1,300°C with automatic temperature control.
4.8 Muffle furnace: maximum operating temperature ≥1,100°C with automatic temperature control.
4.9 Pipette: Class A per GB/T 12808.
4.10 Burette: Class A per GB/T 12805.
4.11 Volumetric flask: Class A per GB/T 12806.
4.12 pH meter: accuracy 0.1.
4.13 Spectrophotometer: wavelength range 380–700 nm.
4.14 Flame photometer:
Stability: instrument reading drift ≤2 within 15 s for the same test solution.
Repeatability: relative standard deviation <1.5% for seven replicate measurements.
4.15 Nitrogen-oxygen analyzer: capable of automatic operation and calibration using reference standards.
4.16 High-frequency infrared carbon/sulfur analyzer: capable of automatic operation and calibration using reference standards.
4.17 Atomic absorption spectrometer: equipped with air-acetylene burner and hollow cathode lamps for Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn. Precision, characteristic concentration, detection limit, and linearity shall comply with GB/T 7728.
4.18 Combustion infrared carbon analyzer: capable of free carbon analysis and calibration using reference standards.
5 Sample Preparation
5.1 Sampling
Laboratory samples shall be taken per GB/T 10325, GB/T 17617, or GB/T 4513.2.
5.2 Preparation
5.2.1 Crushing and reduction:
Break samples to pass a 6.7 mm sieve, reduce to ~200 g by quartering.
If sample size <200 g due to contractual constraints or product form, proceed with available material.
Further crush to <0.5 mm, reduce, and grind to pass a 90 μm sieve using a tungsten carbide mortar (or suitable alternative).
For silicon carbide-containing samples, grind to pass a 150 μm sieve using a steel or tungsten carbide mortar.
5.2.2 Drying:
Dry samples at 105–110°C for 2 h in a draft oven (4.6), cool in a desiccator.
Take precautions against hydration for hygroscopic samples.
5.2.3 Wet unshaped materials with additives:
Standard
GB/T 16555-2025 Chemical analysis of refractories containing carbon, silicon carbide or nitride (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 16555-2025
Status
to be valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
21000 words
Price(USD)
630.0
Implemented on
2026-3-1
Delivery
via email in 1~8 business day
Detail of GB/T 16555-2025
Standard No.
GB/T 16555-2025
English Name
Chemical analysis of refractories containing carbon, silicon carbide or nitride
GB/T 16555-2025 Chemical analysis of refractories containing carbon, silicon carbide or nitride English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS 81.080
CCS H 57
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 16555-2025
Replaces GB/T 16555-2017
Chemical analysis of refractories containing carbon,silicon carbide or nitride
Issue date: 2025-08-29 Implementation date: 2026-03-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Apparatus and Equipment
5 Sample Preparation
6 General Rules
7 Determination of Heat Treatment Loss
8 Determination of Ignition Loss and Volatile Matter
9 Determination of Total Carbon Content
10 Determination of Free Carbon Content
11 Determination of Silicon Carbide Content
12 Determination of Total Nitrogen and Total Oxygen Content
13 Determination of Silicon Nitride Content
14 Determination of Free Silicon Content
15 Determination of Free Aluminum Content
16 Determination of Iron Oxide and Aluminum Oxide Content—EDTA Titration Method (Continuous Titration of Iron and Aluminum)
17 Determination of Oxide Content [Silicon Dioxide, Aluminum Oxide, Iron Oxide, Titanium Dioxide, Calcium Oxide, Magnesium Oxide, Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Zirconium Oxide (Hafnium), Hafnium Oxide, Yttrium Oxide, Chromium Trioxide, Manganese Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide]
18 Test Report
Appendix A (Normative) Acceptance Procedure for Analytical Results
Appendix B (Informative) Saturated Vapor Pressure of Water at Different Temperatures
Chemical Analysis Methods for Refractory Materials Containing Carbon, Silicon Carbide, and Nitrides
WARNING: Personnel using this document shall have practical experience in laboratory work and be familiar with the physicochemical properties of strong acids and bases. High-temperature processes and strong acid/base exposure during sample pretreatment pose significant hazards. Operators must master safe operating procedures. This document does not address all potential safety risks; users are responsible for implementing appropriate safety and health measures and ensuring compliance with national regulations.
1 Scope
This document specifies chemical analysis methods for the following parameters in refractory materials containing carbon, silicon carbide, and nitrides:
Heat treatment loss, Ignition loss, Volatile matter content, Total carbon content, Free carbon content, Silicon carbide content, Total nitrogen content, Total oxygen content, Silicon nitride content, Free silicon content, Free aluminum content, Iron oxide content, Aluminum oxide content, Other oxide contents
This document applies to carbon-containing, silicon carbide-containing, and silicon nitride-containing refractory materials, such as magnesia-carbon bricks, semi-graphitic carbon bricks, aluminum zirconium carbon bricks, silicon carbide-containing castables, and silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide bricks.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute essential requirements. For dated references, only the cited version applies; for undated references, the latest version (including amendments) applies.
GB/T 223.69—2008 Steel and Alloys—Determination of Carbon Content—Gas Volumetric Method After Combustion in a Tube Furnace
GB/T 4513.2 Unshaped Refractory Materials—Part 2: Sampling
GB/T 4984 Chemical Analysis Methods for Zirconium-containing Refractory Materials
GB/T 5069 Chemical Analysis Methods for Magnesia-alumina Refractory Materials
GB/T 5070 Chemical Analysis Methods for Chromium-containing Refractory Materials
GB/T 6682 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use—Specification and Test Methods
GB/T 6900—2025 Chemical Analysis Methods for Aluminum-silicon Refractory Materials
GB/T 6901 Chemical Analysis Methods for Silica Refractory Materials
GB/T 7728 General Rules for Chemical Analysis of Metallurgical Products—Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
GB/T 8170 Rules for Rounding off Numerical Values and Presentation and Judgment of Limit Values
GB/T 10325 Sampling Inspection Rules for Shaped Refractory Products
GB/T 12805 Laboratory Glassware—Burette
GB/T 12806 Laboratory Glassware—Volumetric Flask
GB/T 12808 Laboratory Glassware—Pipette
GB/T 17617 Sampling Inspection Rules for Refractory Raw Materials
GB/T 17732 Test Methods for Dense Shaped Carbon-containing Refractory Products
GB/T 18930 Terminology for Refractory Materials
3 Terms and Definitions
Terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 18930 apply to this document.
4 Apparatus and Equipment
4.1 Balance: readability 0.1 mg and 0.5 g.
4.2 Double-lid porcelain crucible.
4.3 Platinum or porcelain dish: 75 mL or larger.
4.4 Platinum or porcelain crucible: 30 mL or larger.
4.5 Electric furnace: 3,000 W with automatic temperature control.
4.6 Draft oven: maximum operating temperature ≥300°C with automatic temperature control.
4.7 Tube furnace: maximum operating temperature ≥1,300°C with automatic temperature control.
4.8 Muffle furnace: maximum operating temperature ≥1,100°C with automatic temperature control.
4.9 Pipette: Class A per GB/T 12808.
4.10 Burette: Class A per GB/T 12805.
4.11 Volumetric flask: Class A per GB/T 12806.
4.12 pH meter: accuracy 0.1.
4.13 Spectrophotometer: wavelength range 380–700 nm.
4.14 Flame photometer:
Stability: instrument reading drift ≤2 within 15 s for the same test solution.
Repeatability: relative standard deviation <1.5% for seven replicate measurements.
4.15 Nitrogen-oxygen analyzer: capable of automatic operation and calibration using reference standards.
4.16 High-frequency infrared carbon/sulfur analyzer: capable of automatic operation and calibration using reference standards.
4.17 Atomic absorption spectrometer: equipped with air-acetylene burner and hollow cathode lamps for Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn. Precision, characteristic concentration, detection limit, and linearity shall comply with GB/T 7728.
4.18 Combustion infrared carbon analyzer: capable of free carbon analysis and calibration using reference standards.
5 Sample Preparation
5.1 Sampling
Laboratory samples shall be taken per GB/T 10325, GB/T 17617, or GB/T 4513.2.
5.2 Preparation
5.2.1 Crushing and reduction:
Break samples to pass a 6.7 mm sieve, reduce to ~200 g by quartering.
If sample size <200 g due to contractual constraints or product form, proceed with available material.
Further crush to <0.5 mm, reduce, and grind to pass a 90 μm sieve using a tungsten carbide mortar (or suitable alternative).
For silicon carbide-containing samples, grind to pass a 150 μm sieve using a steel or tungsten carbide mortar.
5.2.2 Drying:
Dry samples at 105–110°C for 2 h in a draft oven (4.6), cool in a desiccator.
Take precautions against hydration for hygroscopic samples.
5.2.3 Wet unshaped materials with additives:
