GB/T 18487.4-2025 Electric vehicle conductive charging and discharging system - Part 4: Discharging requirements for electric vehicle
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, general requirements, requirements for communication, connection assembly and electrical loads, safety requirements, environmental requirements as well as marking and instructions of discharging vehicle for electric vehicle conductive discharging system.
This document is applicable to electric vehicles that can discharge outside through the vehicle coupler. The rated output voltage shall not exceed 250V (single-phase) or 440V (three-phase) in AC discharging and not exceed 1,000V in DC discharging.
This document is applicable to Category M1 electric vehicles only.
This document is not applicable to the discharging through the internal discharging coupler of the vehicle, such as through cigarette burner, USB interface, and inlet confirming to GB/T 1002.
This document is not applicable to the power supply for special electro-equipment such as medical devices.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2423.7-2018 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test Ec: Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimens
GB/T 2900.33 Electrotechnical terminology - Power electronics
GB/T 16895.3 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 5-54: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Earthing arrangements and protective conductors
GB/T 16935.1-2023 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles requirements and tests
GB/T 17045 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installations and equipment
GB 18384-2020 Electric vehicles safety requirements
GB/T 18487.1-2023 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 20234.1-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 20234.2-2015 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 2: AC charging coupler
GB/T 20234.3-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 3: DC charging coupler
GB/T 38661-2020 Technical specifications of battery management system for electric vehicles
GB 50052-2009 Code for design electric power supply systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2900.33, GB/T 18487.1-2023, GB/T 19596 and GB/T 20234.1-2023 and the following apply.
3.1
discharging equipment
equipment that transfers electrical energy from a traction battery to a load or grid in a conductive or wireless manner
Note: Power grid or load includes public power grid, building power supply and distribution system, home power supply and distribution system, electric vehicle traction battery and electrical load.
3.2
charging and discharging equipment
equipment connected between an electric vehicle or traction battery and a grid (or load) to realize dual energy flow
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 2.4]
3.3
vehicle to load; V2L
operation mode in which the traction battery of electric vehicle is interconnected with load through the charging and discharging equipment and supplies power to load as energy storage unit
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 9.1.5]
3.4
vehicle to vehicle; V2V
operation mode in which the electric vehicle is connected with another electric vehicle through charging and discharging equipment to supply power to that electric vehicle
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 9.1.4]
3.5
vehicle to grid; V2G
operation mode in which electric vehicle traction battery is connected with public power grid through charging and discharging device and participates in power supply of public power grid as energy storage unit to realize two-way energy flow
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 9.1.1]
3.6
discharging vehicle
electric vehicle that provides AC and DC power supply to the outside through vehicle coupler
3.7
bi-directional on board charger
on board charger with inverter function
3.8
conductive connection assembly
movable conductive connection assembly which is used to connect discharging vehicle with electric vehicle, grid or load
Note: It includes cables and vehicle connectors and may also include cable control box and standard socket-outlet.
3.9
intelligentize load
electrical load that uses the AC electric energy of the discharging vehicle, which also has the function of identifying the power supply capability and interacting with the discharging vehicle
3.10
discharging control pilot circuit
circuit designed for signal transmission or communication between discharging vehicle and electrical load
3.11
appropriative DC electro-equipment
equipment that is connected with the DC vehicle inlet of the electric vehicle and serves as electrical load absorbing the DC energy of the electric vehicle
4 Classification
4.1 By output characteristics
The electric vehicle conductive discharging system may be classified as follows according to the type of current output by the discharging vehicle:
——AC discharging;
——DC discharging.
4.2 By discharging output voltage
The electric vehicle conductive discharging system is classified as follows according to the discharging vehicle output voltage:
a) AC: single-phase 220V/50Hz, three-phase 380V/50Hz;
b) preferred values of DC discharging voltage:
V2L mode: 75V to 150V, 150V to 350V, 300V to 500V, 450V to 700V, 750V to 1,000V.
4.3 By discharging output current
The electric vehicle conductive discharging system is classified as follows according to the discharging vehicle output current:
Contents Foreword i Introduction ii 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Classification 5 General requirements 6 Communication 7 Requirements for conductive connection assembly 8 Special requirements for electrical loads 9 Other safety requirements for discharging vehicle 10 Environmental requirements 11 Marking and instructions Annex A (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle for AC V2L discharging Annex B (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle for AC V2V discharging Annex C (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle for DC V2L discharging Annex D (Informative) DC V2L communication protocol Bibliography
GB/T 18487.4-2025 Electric vehicle conductive charging and discharging system - Part 4: Discharging requirements for electric vehicle
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, general requirements, requirements for communication, connection assembly and electrical loads, safety requirements, environmental requirements as well as marking and instructions of discharging vehicle for electric vehicle conductive discharging system.
This document is applicable to electric vehicles that can discharge outside through the vehicle coupler. The rated output voltage shall not exceed 250V (single-phase) or 440V (three-phase) in AC discharging and not exceed 1,000V in DC discharging.
This document is applicable to Category M1 electric vehicles only.
This document is not applicable to the discharging through the internal discharging coupler of the vehicle, such as through cigarette burner, USB interface, and inlet confirming to GB/T 1002.
This document is not applicable to the power supply for special electro-equipment such as medical devices.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2423.7-2018 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test Ec: Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimens
GB/T 2900.33 Electrotechnical terminology - Power electronics
GB/T 16895.3 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 5-54: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Earthing arrangements and protective conductors
GB/T 16935.1-2023 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles requirements and tests
GB/T 17045 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installations and equipment
GB 18384-2020 Electric vehicles safety requirements
GB/T 18487.1-2023 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 20234.1-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 20234.2-2015 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 2: AC charging coupler
GB/T 20234.3-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 3: DC charging coupler
GB/T 38661-2020 Technical specifications of battery management system for electric vehicles
GB 50052-2009 Code for design electric power supply systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2900.33, GB/T 18487.1-2023, GB/T 19596 and GB/T 20234.1-2023 and the following apply.
3.1
discharging equipment
equipment that transfers electrical energy from a traction battery to a load or grid in a conductive or wireless manner
Note: Power grid or load includes public power grid, building power supply and distribution system, home power supply and distribution system, electric vehicle traction battery and electrical load.
3.2
charging and discharging equipment
equipment connected between an electric vehicle or traction battery and a grid (or load) to realize dual energy flow
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 2.4]
3.3
vehicle to load; V2L
operation mode in which the traction battery of electric vehicle is interconnected with load through the charging and discharging equipment and supplies power to load as energy storage unit
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 9.1.5]
3.4
vehicle to vehicle; V2V
operation mode in which the electric vehicle is connected with another electric vehicle through charging and discharging equipment to supply power to that electric vehicle
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 9.1.4]
3.5
vehicle to grid; V2G
operation mode in which electric vehicle traction battery is connected with public power grid through charging and discharging device and participates in power supply of public power grid as energy storage unit to realize two-way energy flow
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 9.1.1]
3.6
discharging vehicle
electric vehicle that provides AC and DC power supply to the outside through vehicle coupler
3.7
bi-directional on board charger
on board charger with inverter function
3.8
conductive connection assembly
movable conductive connection assembly which is used to connect discharging vehicle with electric vehicle, grid or load
Note: It includes cables and vehicle connectors and may also include cable control box and standard socket-outlet.
3.9
intelligentize load
electrical load that uses the AC electric energy of the discharging vehicle, which also has the function of identifying the power supply capability and interacting with the discharging vehicle
3.10
discharging control pilot circuit
circuit designed for signal transmission or communication between discharging vehicle and electrical load
3.11
appropriative DC electro-equipment
equipment that is connected with the DC vehicle inlet of the electric vehicle and serves as electrical load absorbing the DC energy of the electric vehicle
4 Classification
4.1 By output characteristics
The electric vehicle conductive discharging system may be classified as follows according to the type of current output by the discharging vehicle:
——AC discharging;
——DC discharging.
4.2 By discharging output voltage
The electric vehicle conductive discharging system is classified as follows according to the discharging vehicle output voltage:
a) AC: single-phase 220V/50Hz, three-phase 380V/50Hz;
b) preferred values of DC discharging voltage:
V2L mode: 75V to 150V, 150V to 350V, 300V to 500V, 450V to 700V, 750V to 1,000V.
4.3 By discharging output current
The electric vehicle conductive discharging system is classified as follows according to the discharging vehicle output current:
Contents of GB/T 18487.4-2025
Contents
Foreword i
Introduction ii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 General requirements
6 Communication
7 Requirements for conductive connection assembly
8 Special requirements for electrical loads
9 Other safety requirements for discharging vehicle
10 Environmental requirements
11 Marking and instructions
Annex A (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle for AC V2L discharging
Annex B (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle for AC V2V discharging
Annex C (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle for DC V2L discharging
Annex D (Informative) DC V2L communication protocol
Bibliography
