Railway applications — Rolling stock equipment — Shock and vibration tests
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements for shock and random vibration tests of equipment intended for use on rolling stocks, which are subsequently subjected to vibrations and shock owing to the nature of railway operational environment. To gain assurance that the quality of the equipment is acceptable, it has to withstand tests of reasonable duration that simulate the service conditions seen throughout its expected life.
Simulated long-life random vibration tests may be achieved in a number of ways, and each has their associated advantages and disadvantages, the following being the most common:
a) amplification: where the amplitudes are increased and the time base decreased;
b) time compression: where the amplitude history is retained and the time base is decreased (increase of the frequency);
c) decimation: where time slices of the historical data are removed when the amplitudes are below a specified threshold value.
The amplitude increasing method as stated in a) above, is used in this standard and together with the publications referred to in Clause 2; it defines the default test procedure for vibration tests on the equipment for use on the rolling stocks. However, other standards exist and may be used with prior agreement between the manufacturer and the customer. In such cases test certification against this standard will not apply. Where service information is available tests may be performed using the method outlined in Annex A. If the levels are lower than those quoted in this standard, equipment is partially certified against this standard (only for service conditions giving functional test values lower than or equal to those specified in the test report).
Whilst this standard is primarily concerned with rolling stocks on fixed rail systems, its wider use is not precluded. For systems operating on pneumatic tyres, or other transportation systems such as trolleybuses, where the level of shock and vibration clearly differ from those obtained on fixed rail systems, the supplier and customer shall agree on the test levels at the tender stage. It is recommended that the frequency spectra and the shock duration/amplitude be determined using the guidelines in Annex A. Equipment tested at levels lower than those quoted in this standard cannot be fully certified against the requirements of this standard.
An example of this is trolleybuses, whereby body-mounted trolleybus equipment may be tested in accordance with Category 1 equipment referred to in the standard.
This standard applies to single axis testing. However multi-axis testing may be used with prior agreement between the manufacturer and the customer.
The test levels in this standard are classified into the following three categories only according to the mounting position of the equipment on the rolling stocks (see Annex B):
——Category 1 body mounted:
Cubicles, subassemblies, equipment and components mounted directly on or
under the Class A car body;
Subassemblies, equipment and components inside the cubicles directly installed on (or under) the Class B car body.
Note 1: Class B shall be used when it is not clear where the equipment is to be located.
——Category 2 bogie mounted;
Cubicles, assemblies, equipment and components installed on bogies of the rolling stock.
——Category 3 axle mounted:
Subassemblies, equipment and components or assemblies installed on the wheelset of the rolling stock.
Note 2: In the case of equipment mounted on rolling stocks with one level of suspension such as wagons and trucks, unless otherwise agreed at the tender stage, axle mounted equipment will be tested as Category 3, and all other equipment will be tested as Category 2.
The cost of testing is influenced by the weight, shape and complexity of the equipment under test. Consequently, at the tender stage the supplier may propose a more cost-effective method of demonstrating compliance with the requirements of this standard. Where alternative methods are agreed it will be the responsibility of the supplier to demonstrate to his customer or his representative that the objective of this standard has been met. If an alternative method of evaluation is agreed, then the equipment tested cannot be certified against the requirement of this standard.
This standard is intended to evaluate equipment which is attached to the main structure of the vehicle (and/or components mounted thereon). It is not intended to test equipment which forms part of the main structure. Main structure in the sense of this standard means car body, bogie and axle. There are a number of cases where additional or special vibration tests may be requested by the customer, for example:
a) equipment mounted on, or linked to, items which are known to produce fixed frequency excitation;
b) equipment such as traction motors, pantographs, shoegear, or suspension components which may be subjected to tests in accordance with their special requirements, applicable to their use on rolling stocks. In all such cases the tests carried out shall be dealt with by separate agreement at the tender stage;
c) equipment intended for use in special operational environments as specified by the customer.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2423.43-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products — Part 2: Test methods — Mounting of specimens for vibration impact and similar dynamic tests (IEC 60068-2-47: 2005, IDT)
GB/T 2423.57-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products — Part 2: Tests — Test Ei: Shock — Shock response spectrum synthesis (IEC 60068-2-81: 2003, IDT)
GB/T 3358.1-2009 Statistics - Vocabulary and symbols - Part 1: General statistical terms and terms used in probability (ISO 3534-1:2006, IDT)
IEC 60068-2-27:2008 Environmental testing — Part 2-27：Tests — Test Ea and guidance：Shock
IEC 60068-2-64:2008 Environmental testing — Part 2-64：Tests — Test Fh：Vibration, broadband random and guidance
Foreword i
Introduction v
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General
5 Order of testing
6 Reference information required by the test house
7 Initial measurements and preconditioning
8 Functional random vibration test conditions
9 Simulated long-life random vibration testing conditions
10 Shock testing conditions
11 Transportation and handling
12 Final measurements
13 Acceptance criteria
14 Test report
15 Test certificate
16 Disposal
Annex A (Informative) Explanation of service measurements, measuring positions, methods of recording service data, summary of service data, and method used to obtain random test levels from acquired service data
Annex B (Informative) Figure identifying general location of equipment on rolling stocks and their resulting test category
Annex C (Informative) Guidance for calculating r.m.s. values from ASD values or levels
Annex D (Informative) Example of test certificate
Bibliography
Railway applications — Rolling stock equipment — Shock and vibration tests
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements for shock and random vibration tests of equipment intended for use on rolling stocks, which are subsequently subjected to vibrations and shock owing to the nature of railway operational environment. To gain assurance that the quality of the equipment is acceptable, it has to withstand tests of reasonable duration that simulate the service conditions seen throughout its expected life.
Simulated long-life random vibration tests may be achieved in a number of ways, and each has their associated advantages and disadvantages, the following being the most common:
a) amplification: where the amplitudes are increased and the time base decreased;
b) time compression: where the amplitude history is retained and the time base is decreased (increase of the frequency);
c) decimation: where time slices of the historical data are removed when the amplitudes are below a specified threshold value.
The amplitude increasing method as stated in a) above, is used in this standard and together with the publications referred to in Clause 2; it defines the default test procedure for vibration tests on the equipment for use on the rolling stocks. However, other standards exist and may be used with prior agreement between the manufacturer and the customer. In such cases test certification against this standard will not apply. Where service information is available tests may be performed using the method outlined in Annex A. If the levels are lower than those quoted in this standard, equipment is partially certified against this standard (only for service conditions giving functional test values lower than or equal to those specified in the test report).
Whilst this standard is primarily concerned with rolling stocks on fixed rail systems, its wider use is not precluded. For systems operating on pneumatic tyres, or other transportation systems such as trolleybuses, where the level of shock and vibration clearly differ from those obtained on fixed rail systems, the supplier and customer shall agree on the test levels at the tender stage. It is recommended that the frequency spectra and the shock duration/amplitude be determined using the guidelines in Annex A. Equipment tested at levels lower than those quoted in this standard cannot be fully certified against the requirements of this standard.
An example of this is trolleybuses, whereby body-mounted trolleybus equipment may be tested in accordance with Category 1 equipment referred to in the standard.
This standard applies to single axis testing. However multi-axis testing may be used with prior agreement between the manufacturer and the customer.
The test levels in this standard are classified into the following three categories only according to the mounting position of the equipment on the rolling stocks (see Annex B):
——Category 1 body mounted:
Cubicles, subassemblies, equipment and components mounted directly on or
under the Class A car body;
Subassemblies, equipment and components inside the cubicles directly installed on (or under) the Class B car body.
Note 1: Class B shall be used when it is not clear where the equipment is to be located.
——Category 2 bogie mounted;
Cubicles, assemblies, equipment and components installed on bogies of the rolling stock.
——Category 3 axle mounted:
Subassemblies, equipment and components or assemblies installed on the wheelset of the rolling stock.
Note 2: In the case of equipment mounted on rolling stocks with one level of suspension such as wagons and trucks, unless otherwise agreed at the tender stage, axle mounted equipment will be tested as Category 3, and all other equipment will be tested as Category 2.
The cost of testing is influenced by the weight, shape and complexity of the equipment under test. Consequently, at the tender stage the supplier may propose a more cost-effective method of demonstrating compliance with the requirements of this standard. Where alternative methods are agreed it will be the responsibility of the supplier to demonstrate to his customer or his representative that the objective of this standard has been met. If an alternative method of evaluation is agreed, then the equipment tested cannot be certified against the requirement of this standard.
This standard is intended to evaluate equipment which is attached to the main structure of the vehicle (and/or components mounted thereon). It is not intended to test equipment which forms part of the main structure. Main structure in the sense of this standard means car body, bogie and axle. There are a number of cases where additional or special vibration tests may be requested by the customer, for example:
a) equipment mounted on, or linked to, items which are known to produce fixed frequency excitation;
b) equipment such as traction motors, pantographs, shoegear, or suspension components which may be subjected to tests in accordance with their special requirements, applicable to their use on rolling stocks. In all such cases the tests carried out shall be dealt with by separate agreement at the tender stage;
c) equipment intended for use in special operational environments as specified by the customer.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2423.43-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products — Part 2: Test methods — Mounting of specimens for vibration impact and similar dynamic tests (IEC 60068-2-47: 2005, IDT)
GB/T 2423.57-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products — Part 2: Tests — Test Ei: Shock — Shock response spectrum synthesis (IEC 60068-2-81: 2003, IDT)
GB/T 3358.1-2009 Statistics - Vocabulary and symbols - Part 1: General statistical terms and terms used in probability (ISO 3534-1:2006, IDT)
IEC 60068-2-27:2008 Environmental testing — Part 2-27：Tests — Test Ea and guidance：Shock
IEC 60068-2-64:2008 Environmental testing — Part 2-64：Tests — Test Fh：Vibration, broadband random and guidance
Contents of GB/T 21563-2018
Foreword i
Introduction v
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General
5 Order of testing
6 Reference information required by the test house
7 Initial measurements and preconditioning
8 Functional random vibration test conditions
9 Simulated long-life random vibration testing conditions
10 Shock testing conditions
11 Transportation and handling
12 Final measurements
13 Acceptance criteria
14 Test report
15 Test certificate
16 Disposal
Annex A (Informative) Explanation of service measurements, measuring positions, methods of recording service data, summary of service data, and method used to obtain random test levels from acquired service data
Annex B (Informative) Figure identifying general location of equipment on rolling stocks and their resulting test category
Annex C (Informative) Guidance for calculating r.m.s. values from ASD values or levels
Annex D (Informative) Example of test certificate
Bibliography
