Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard was drafted according to the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 114).
Chief drafting organizations of this standard: China Automotive Technology & Research Center, Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd., BYD Auto Industry Company Limited., Chongqing Chang’an Automobile Company Limited., FAW R&D Center, SAIC Motor Technical Center, Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center, National Automobile Quality Supervision Test Center (XiangFan), Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection Center, Zhejiang Geely Auto Research Insitute Co., Ltd., Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd., Automotive Engineering Institute of Guangzhou Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Qoros Auto Co. Ltd., Guangzhou Toyota Motor Co, Ltd., R&D Center, FAW-Volkswagen Automotive Co. Ltd., Shanghai Volkswagen and Beijing Hyundai Motor Co., Ltd.
Chief drafters of this standard: Liu Guibin, Sun Zhendong, Li Yugang, Xie Shibin, Zhao Hui, Yu Huili, Li Hongjian, Qiu Shaobo, Wang Dazhi, Shen Haidong, Li Qianghong, Yang Hui, Wu Chengming, Zhang Lili, Chen Jinhua, Liu Yang, Chen Wencai, Lu Fang, Lin Song, Wu Qing, Fan Dapeng, Chi Yonghao, Zhang Wei and Xu Kai.
The Safety Requirement of Electric Vehicle Post Crash
电动汽车碰撞后安全要求
1 Scope
This standard specifies the particular safety requirements and test methods for blade electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles with voltage class B electric circuits post frontalcrash and lateralcrash.
This standard is applicable to blade electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles with voltage class B electric circuits meeting the application scope specified in GB 11551 and GB 20071.
2 Normative References
The following documents for the application of this document are essential. Any dated reference, just dated edition applies to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB 4208 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure(IP Code)
GB 11551 The Protection of the Occupants in the Event of A Frontal Crashfor Motor Vehicle
GB/T 18384
(All Parts) Electrically Propelled Road Vehicles-Safety Specifications
GB/T 18385-2005 Electric Vehicles-Power Performance-Test Method
GB/T 19596-2004 Terminology of Electric Vehicles
GB 20071 The Protection of the Occupants in the Event of A Lateral Crash
3 Terminologies and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terminologies and definitions defined inGB/T 18384 and GB/T 19596-2004 and the following ones apply.
3.1
Working voltage
The effective value (rms) of AC voltage or maximum value (irrespective of transient peak value) of DC voltage the power system is potential to occur under any normal working condition according to the manufacturer’s descriptions.
3.2
Voltage class B
The voltage classification with the AC working voltage of circuit module or circuit not greater than 30V (rms) and less than or equal to 1,000V (rms), the DC greater than 60V and less than or equal to 1,500V.
3.3
High voltage system
The part of vehicle with voltage class B electric circuits.
3.4
Rechargeable energy storage system;REESS
Energy storage system that stores energy for delivery of electric energy and is rechargeable, such as batteries and capacitors.
3.5
Passenger compartment
The space where accommodates passengersisenclosed by top cap, floor, side wall, vehicle door, glass window and front wall, rear wall or support plate of rear seat backrest, and electrical protective barrier and enclosure that prevent the passenger from contacting live parts.
3.6
Direct contact
The contact of people or animal with the live part.
3.7
Indirect contact
The contact of people or animal with exposed conductive part which has become live because of the failureof basic insulation.
3.8
Conductive part
The part capable of conducting electric currentis electrically neutralunderthe normal operating condition but may become live under the failureof the basic insulation.
3.9
Exposed conductive part
The conductive part that may be touched through IPXXB jointed test finger.
Note: This concept is relative to a specific electrical circuit, a live part in one circuit may be an exposed conductive part in another, for example, the body of a passenger vehicle may be a live part of the auxiliary circuit but an exposed conductive part of the power circuit.
3.10
Live part
The conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal use.
3.11
Electrical chassis
Electrical chassis is a set of electric-connected conductive parts and its potential is taken as reference.
3.12
High voltage bus
High voltage circuit connected with REESS, including the external output partand charging part of REESS.
3.13
Fire
The phenomenon with flame occurs continuously.
Note: Transient spark or electric arc does not belong to fire.
3.14
Explosion
The phenomenon of instant pressure wave generated by energy release and it’sable to cause structural or physical damage to surrounding objects.
3.15
Balance of electric power system
The voltage class B electric circuits left after all REESS and fuel cell stack are disconnected.
4 Technical Requirements
4.1 General rules
After vehicle preparation and crash test are completed according to 5.1 and 5.2, vehicle (including REESS)high-voltage system forpower and high-voltage parts conductively connected with high voltage system used forpower shall meet the requirements of 4.2~4.4.
4.2 Electric shock protection requirements
4.2.1 General requirements
Each high voltage bus shall at least meet one of the four clauses of 4.2.2~4.2.5. If crash test is carried out in the case that the REESS and load of electric power system of vehicle are initiatively disconnected, the load of electric power system of vehicle shall meet one of the clauses of 4.2.4 or 4.2.5; REESS and high voltage busfor charging shall meet one of the four clauses of 4.2.2~4.2.5.
4.2.2 Voltage requirements
According to the test method specified in A.1, the voltage of high voltage busVb, V1 and V2 shall not be greater than 30V AC or 60V DC.
4.2.3 Electric energy requirements
The total electric energy of high voltage bus TE shall be less than 0.2J. TE may be obtained by one of the following two modes: one is to measure and get the total electric energy TE by carrying out electric energy measurement according to the test procedure specified in formula (A.1). The other one is to calculate the total energy TE with the voltage of high voltage busVb and the capacitance (Cx) of X-capacitor specified by the manufacturer according to formula (A.2).
The energy (TEy1, TEy2) stored in Y-capacitor shall also be less than 0.2J,and shall be calculated with the voltage of high voltage busV1 and electrical chassis V2 and the capacitance (Cy1, Cy2) of Y-capacitor specified by the manufacturer according to Formula (A.3).
4.2.4 Physical containment
In order to avoid direct contact of high-voltage live parts, the vehicle postcrash shall be provided with protection of class IPXXB and the test method shall be in accordance with A.3. In addition, in order to avoid electric shock harm because of indirect contact, carry out the measurement with current greater than 0.2A, the resistance between all the exposed conductive parts and the electrical chassis shall be less than 0.1Ω. This requirement shall be met when welding is adopted for electric connection.
4.2.5 Insulation resistance
4.2.5.1 General requirements
The insulation resistance of vehicle shall meet the requirements of 4.2.5.2 and 4.2.5.3. The measurement shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of A.4. This clause shall be not applicable if 2 or over 2 charged potentials in passenger compartment are not provided with protection of class IPXXB.
4.2.5.2 Power system consists of separate DC and AC buses
If the mutual conduction of AC high voltage bus and DC high voltage busis isolated, for DC bus, the minimum value of insulation resistance between high voltage bus and electrical chassis shall be 100Ω/V; in the meantime,for AC bus, the minimum value shall be 500Ω/V.
4.2.5.3 Power system consists of connected DC and AC buses
If the mutual conduction of AC high voltage bus and DC high voltage busis connected, the minimum value of the insulation resistance between high voltage bus and electrical chassis shall be 500Ω/V. If after crash, the protection class of all AC high voltage buses reaches IPXXB or AC voltage is equal to or less than 30V, then the minimum value of insulation resistance between high voltage bus and electrical chassis shall be 100Ω/V.
4.3 Electrolyte leakage requirements
After crash, no electrolyte shall be leaked from REESS to passenger compartment and no electrolyte exceeding 5.0L shall be leaked from REESS within 30min.
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terminologies and Definitions
4 Technical Requirements
5 Test Procedure
Appendix A (Normative) The Electric Safety Test Method of Electric Vehicle Post Crash
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard was drafted according to the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 114).
Chief drafting organizations of this standard: China Automotive Technology & Research Center, Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd., BYD Auto Industry Company Limited., Chongqing Chang’an Automobile Company Limited., FAW R&D Center, SAIC Motor Technical Center, Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center, National Automobile Quality Supervision Test Center (XiangFan), Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection Center, Zhejiang Geely Auto Research Insitute Co., Ltd., Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd., Automotive Engineering Institute of Guangzhou Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Qoros Auto Co. Ltd., Guangzhou Toyota Motor Co, Ltd., R&D Center, FAW-Volkswagen Automotive Co. Ltd., Shanghai Volkswagen and Beijing Hyundai Motor Co., Ltd.
Chief drafters of this standard: Liu Guibin, Sun Zhendong, Li Yugang, Xie Shibin, Zhao Hui, Yu Huili, Li Hongjian, Qiu Shaobo, Wang Dazhi, Shen Haidong, Li Qianghong, Yang Hui, Wu Chengming, Zhang Lili, Chen Jinhua, Liu Yang, Chen Wencai, Lu Fang, Lin Song, Wu Qing, Fan Dapeng, Chi Yonghao, Zhang Wei and Xu Kai.
The Safety Requirement of Electric Vehicle Post Crash
电动汽车碰撞后安全要求
1 Scope
This standard specifies the particular safety requirements and test methods for blade electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles with voltage class B electric circuits post frontalcrash and lateralcrash.
This standard is applicable to blade electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles with voltage class B electric circuits meeting the application scope specified in GB 11551 and GB 20071.
2 Normative References
The following documents for the application of this document are essential. Any dated reference, just dated edition applies to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB 4208 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure(IP Code)
GB 11551 The Protection of the Occupants in the Event of A Frontal Crashfor Motor Vehicle
GB/T 18384
(All Parts) Electrically Propelled Road Vehicles-Safety Specifications
GB/T 18385-2005 Electric Vehicles-Power Performance-Test Method
GB/T 19596-2004 Terminology of Electric Vehicles
GB 20071 The Protection of the Occupants in the Event of A Lateral Crash
3 Terminologies and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terminologies and definitions defined inGB/T 18384 and GB/T 19596-2004 and the following ones apply.
3.1
Working voltage
The effective value (rms) of AC voltage or maximum value (irrespective of transient peak value) of DC voltage the power system is potential to occur under any normal working condition according to the manufacturer’s descriptions.
3.2
Voltage class B
The voltage classification with the AC working voltage of circuit module or circuit not greater than 30V (rms) and less than or equal to 1,000V (rms), the DC greater than 60V and less than or equal to 1,500V.
3.3
High voltage system
The part of vehicle with voltage class B electric circuits.
3.4
Rechargeable energy storage system;REESS
Energy storage system that stores energy for delivery of electric energy and is rechargeable, such as batteries and capacitors.
3.5
Passenger compartment
The space where accommodates passengersisenclosed by top cap, floor, side wall, vehicle door, glass window and front wall, rear wall or support plate of rear seat backrest, and electrical protective barrier and enclosure that prevent the passenger from contacting live parts.
3.6
Direct contact
The contact of people or animal with the live part.
3.7
Indirect contact
The contact of people or animal with exposed conductive part which has become live because of the failureof basic insulation.
3.8
Conductive part
The part capable of conducting electric currentis electrically neutralunderthe normal operating condition but may become live under the failureof the basic insulation.
3.9
Exposed conductive part
The conductive part that may be touched through IPXXB jointed test finger.
Note: This concept is relative to a specific electrical circuit, a live part in one circuit may be an exposed conductive part in another, for example, the body of a passenger vehicle may be a live part of the auxiliary circuit but an exposed conductive part of the power circuit.
3.10
Live part
The conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal use.
3.11
Electrical chassis
Electrical chassis is a set of electric-connected conductive parts and its potential is taken as reference.
3.12
High voltage bus
High voltage circuit connected with REESS, including the external output partand charging part of REESS.
3.13
Fire
The phenomenon with flame occurs continuously.
Note: Transient spark or electric arc does not belong to fire.
3.14
Explosion
The phenomenon of instant pressure wave generated by energy release and it’sable to cause structural or physical damage to surrounding objects.
3.15
Balance of electric power system
The voltage class B electric circuits left after all REESS and fuel cell stack are disconnected.
4 Technical Requirements
4.1 General rules
After vehicle preparation and crash test are completed according to 5.1 and 5.2, vehicle (including REESS)high-voltage system forpower and high-voltage parts conductively connected with high voltage system used forpower shall meet the requirements of 4.2~4.4.
4.2 Electric shock protection requirements
4.2.1 General requirements
Each high voltage bus shall at least meet one of the four clauses of 4.2.2~4.2.5. If crash test is carried out in the case that the REESS and load of electric power system of vehicle are initiatively disconnected, the load of electric power system of vehicle shall meet one of the clauses of 4.2.4 or 4.2.5; REESS and high voltage busfor charging shall meet one of the four clauses of 4.2.2~4.2.5.
4.2.2 Voltage requirements
According to the test method specified in A.1, the voltage of high voltage busVb, V1 and V2 shall not be greater than 30V AC or 60V DC.
4.2.3 Electric energy requirements
The total electric energy of high voltage bus TE shall be less than 0.2J. TE may be obtained by one of the following two modes: one is to measure and get the total electric energy TE by carrying out electric energy measurement according to the test procedure specified in formula (A.1). The other one is to calculate the total energy TE with the voltage of high voltage busVb and the capacitance (Cx) of X-capacitor specified by the manufacturer according to formula (A.2).
The energy (TEy1, TEy2) stored in Y-capacitor shall also be less than 0.2J,and shall be calculated with the voltage of high voltage busV1 and electrical chassis V2 and the capacitance (Cy1, Cy2) of Y-capacitor specified by the manufacturer according to Formula (A.3).
4.2.4 Physical containment
In order to avoid direct contact of high-voltage live parts, the vehicle postcrash shall be provided with protection of class IPXXB and the test method shall be in accordance with A.3. In addition, in order to avoid electric shock harm because of indirect contact, carry out the measurement with current greater than 0.2A, the resistance between all the exposed conductive parts and the electrical chassis shall be less than 0.1Ω. This requirement shall be met when welding is adopted for electric connection.
4.2.5 Insulation resistance
4.2.5.1 General requirements
The insulation resistance of vehicle shall meet the requirements of 4.2.5.2 and 4.2.5.3. The measurement shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of A.4. This clause shall be not applicable if 2 or over 2 charged potentials in passenger compartment are not provided with protection of class IPXXB.
4.2.5.2 Power system consists of separate DC and AC buses
If the mutual conduction of AC high voltage bus and DC high voltage busis isolated, for DC bus, the minimum value of insulation resistance between high voltage bus and electrical chassis shall be 100Ω/V; in the meantime,for AC bus, the minimum value shall be 500Ω/V.
4.2.5.3 Power system consists of connected DC and AC buses
If the mutual conduction of AC high voltage bus and DC high voltage busis connected, the minimum value of the insulation resistance between high voltage bus and electrical chassis shall be 500Ω/V. If after crash, the protection class of all AC high voltage buses reaches IPXXB or AC voltage is equal to or less than 30V, then the minimum value of insulation resistance between high voltage bus and electrical chassis shall be 100Ω/V.
4.3 Electrolyte leakage requirements
After crash, no electrolyte shall be leaked from REESS to passenger compartment and no electrolyte exceeding 5.0L shall be leaked from REESS within 30min.
Contents of GB/T 31498-2015
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terminologies and Definitions
4 Technical Requirements
5 Test Procedure
Appendix A (Normative) The Electric Safety Test Method of Electric Vehicle Post Crash
