Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This standard was proposed by the China Electricity Council (CEC).
This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 550 on Electric Energy Storage of Standardization Administration of China.
Lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage
1 Scope
This standard specifies the specifications, technical requirements, test methods and test rules of the lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage.
This standard is applicable to the lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
cell
the basic unit for realizing mutual conversion of chemical energy and electric energy, which consists of an anode, a cathode, a separator, an electrolyte, a case, and a terminal
3.1.2
battery module
a battery assembly which is connected by cells in series, in parallel or their combination and has only a pair of positive and negative output terminals, and should also include a case, a management and protection device and the like
3.1.3
battery cluster
a battery assembly which is connected by battery modules in series, in parallel or their combination and realizes independent operation after being connected with the power conversion system and ancillary facilities, and should also include battery management system, monitoring and protection circuit, electrical and communication interface and other components
3.1.4
battery management system
a device that monitors parameters such as voltage, current and temperature of a battery, and performs management and control over the state of the battery
3.1.5
nominal voltage
an approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a battery or an electrochemical system
3.1.6
rated charging power
the charging power that the battery can keep operating for a certain period of time under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.7
rated discharging power
the discharging power that the battery can keep operating for a certain period of time under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.8
rated power
the power that the battery can keep operating for a certain period of time under the specified test conditions and test methods, including rated charging power and rated discharging power
3.1.9
energy type battery
the battery that is designed for high-energy applications and operates at a rated power of greater than the one-hour rate
3.1.10
power type battery
the battery that is designed for high-energy applications and operates at a rated power of less than or equal to the one-hour rating
3.1.11
initial charge
the process of initializing the state of charge of the battery under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.12
initial discharge
the process of initializing the state of discharge of the battery under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.13
rated charging energy
the charging energy that the battery for initial discharge is charged at the rated charging power until the cutoff charge voltage under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.14
rated discharging energy
the discharging energy that the battery for initial charge is discharged at the rated discharging power until the cutoff discharge voltage under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.15
rated charging capacity
the charging capacity that the battery for initial discharge is charged at the rated charging power until the cutoff charge voltage under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.16
rated discharging capacity
the discharging capacity that the battery for initial charge is discharged at the rated discharging power until the cutoff discharge voltage under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.17
initial charging energy
the charging energy of the battery measured under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.18
initial discharging energy
the discharging energy of the battery measured under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.19
initial charging capacity
the charging capacity of the battery measured under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.20
initial discharging capacity
the discharging capacity of the battery measured under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.21
energy efficiency
the ratio of the discharging energy of the battery to the charging energy under specified test conditions and test methods, which is expressed as a percentage
3.1.22
rate charging/discharging
the charging/discharging of the battery at a multiple of the rated power under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.23
retention rate of energy
the ratio of the charging energy/discharging energy of the battery to the initial charging energy/initial discharging energy under specified test conditions and test methods, which is expressed as a percentage
3.1.24
recovery rate of energy
the ratio of the charging energy/discharging energy measured under specified test conditions and test methods to the initial charging energy/initial discharging energy respectively after the energy is stored in the battery, which is expressed as a percentage
3.1.25
gravimetric energy density
the ratio of the initial charging energy/initial discharging energy of the battery to its mass under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.26
volumetric energy density
the ratio of the initial charging energy/initial discharging energy of the battery to its volume under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.27
case
a protective component that encapsulates the internal components of the cell and prevents direct contact with the outside and serves as a container of the cell
3.1.28
fire
a phenomenon that any part of the battery that has a duration of greater than 1 s of combustion, to which the sparks and arcs don’t belong
3.1.29
explosion
a phenomenon that the battery case is broken, with severe noise, and main components like solid are ejected.
3.1.30
leakage
a phenomenon that the liquid inside the battery leaks to the outside of the battery case
3.1.31
thermal runaway
a phenomenon that the exothermic reaction inside the cell causes an uncontrollable temperature rise
3.1.32
thermal runaway diffusion
a phenomenon that the cell in the battery module subjected to the thermal runaway triggers the thermal runaway to its adjacent cell or the cell at other position
3.1.33
adiabatic temperature rise
a phenomenon that the heat generated from the inside of the cell or absorbed from its outside in an adiabatic environment causes the temperature of the cell to rise
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
n: the hour rate of rated charging of the battery, whose value is equal to the rated charging energy/rated charging power of the battery and shall be selected from the following values: 8, 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25.
n′: the hour rate of rated discharging of the battery, whose value is equal to the rated discharging energy/rated discharging power, and shall be selected from the following values: 8, 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25.
Cicn: the initial charging capacity at n-hour rate, A·h.
Cidn': the initial discharging capacity at n-hour rate, A·h.
Crcn: the rated charging capacity at n-hour rate, A·h.
Crdn': the rated discharging capacity at n'-hour rate, A·h.
Eicn: the initial charging energy at n-hour rate, W·h for the cell, kW·h for the battery module, and kW·h or MW·h for the battery cluster.
Eidn′: the initial discharging energy at n′-hour rate, W·h for the cell, kW·h for the battery module, and kW·h or MW·h for the battery cluster.
Ercn: the rated charging energy at n-hour rate, W·h for the cell, kW·h for the battery module, and kW·h or MW·h for the battery cluster.
Erdn': the rated discharging energy at n'-hour rate, W·h for the cell, kW·h for the battery module, and kW·h or MW·h for the battery cluster.
Prcn: the rated charging power at n-hour rate, W for the cell, kW for the battery module, and kW or MW for the battery cluster.
Prdn′: the rated discharging power at n′-hour rate, W for the cell, kW for the battery module, and kWor MW for the battery cluster.
wgc: the gravimetric energy density based on initial charging energy, W·h / kg.
wgd: the gravimetric energy density based on initial discharging energy, W·h / kg.
wvc: the volumetric energy density based on initial charging energy, W·h / L.
wvd: the volumetric energy density based on initial discharging energy, W·h / L.
4 Specifications
The information about the specifications of the lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage shall be identified in a legible code or text on the appearance or nameplate of the product, and the identification of such specifications shall conform to the following rules:
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
4 Specifications
5 Technical requirements
6 Test rules
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Normative) Test methods
Annex B (Informative) Test data record sheet
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This standard was proposed by the China Electricity Council (CEC).
This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 550 on Electric Energy Storage of Standardization Administration of China.
Lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage
1 Scope
This standard specifies the specifications, technical requirements, test methods and test rules of the lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage.
This standard is applicable to the lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
cell
the basic unit for realizing mutual conversion of chemical energy and electric energy, which consists of an anode, a cathode, a separator, an electrolyte, a case, and a terminal
3.1.2
battery module
a battery assembly which is connected by cells in series, in parallel or their combination and has only a pair of positive and negative output terminals, and should also include a case, a management and protection device and the like
3.1.3
battery cluster
a battery assembly which is connected by battery modules in series, in parallel or their combination and realizes independent operation after being connected with the power conversion system and ancillary facilities, and should also include battery management system, monitoring and protection circuit, electrical and communication interface and other components
3.1.4
battery management system
a device that monitors parameters such as voltage, current and temperature of a battery, and performs management and control over the state of the battery
3.1.5
nominal voltage
an approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a battery or an electrochemical system
3.1.6
rated charging power
the charging power that the battery can keep operating for a certain period of time under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.7
rated discharging power
the discharging power that the battery can keep operating for a certain period of time under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.8
rated power
the power that the battery can keep operating for a certain period of time under the specified test conditions and test methods, including rated charging power and rated discharging power
3.1.9
energy type battery
the battery that is designed for high-energy applications and operates at a rated power of greater than the one-hour rate
3.1.10
power type battery
the battery that is designed for high-energy applications and operates at a rated power of less than or equal to the one-hour rating
3.1.11
initial charge
the process of initializing the state of charge of the battery under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.12
initial discharge
the process of initializing the state of discharge of the battery under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.13
rated charging energy
the charging energy that the battery for initial discharge is charged at the rated charging power until the cutoff charge voltage under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.14
rated discharging energy
the discharging energy that the battery for initial charge is discharged at the rated discharging power until the cutoff discharge voltage under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.15
rated charging capacity
the charging capacity that the battery for initial discharge is charged at the rated charging power until the cutoff charge voltage under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.16
rated discharging capacity
the discharging capacity that the battery for initial charge is discharged at the rated discharging power until the cutoff discharge voltage under the specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.17
initial charging energy
the charging energy of the battery measured under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.18
initial discharging energy
the discharging energy of the battery measured under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.19
initial charging capacity
the charging capacity of the battery measured under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.20
initial discharging capacity
the discharging capacity of the battery measured under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.21
energy efficiency
the ratio of the discharging energy of the battery to the charging energy under specified test conditions and test methods, which is expressed as a percentage
3.1.22
rate charging/discharging
the charging/discharging of the battery at a multiple of the rated power under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.23
retention rate of energy
the ratio of the charging energy/discharging energy of the battery to the initial charging energy/initial discharging energy under specified test conditions and test methods, which is expressed as a percentage
3.1.24
recovery rate of energy
the ratio of the charging energy/discharging energy measured under specified test conditions and test methods to the initial charging energy/initial discharging energy respectively after the energy is stored in the battery, which is expressed as a percentage
3.1.25
gravimetric energy density
the ratio of the initial charging energy/initial discharging energy of the battery to its mass under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.26
volumetric energy density
the ratio of the initial charging energy/initial discharging energy of the battery to its volume under specified test conditions and test methods
3.1.27
case
a protective component that encapsulates the internal components of the cell and prevents direct contact with the outside and serves as a container of the cell
3.1.28
fire
a phenomenon that any part of the battery that has a duration of greater than 1 s of combustion, to which the sparks and arcs don’t belong
3.1.29
explosion
a phenomenon that the battery case is broken, with severe noise, and main components like solid are ejected.
3.1.30
leakage
a phenomenon that the liquid inside the battery leaks to the outside of the battery case
3.1.31
thermal runaway
a phenomenon that the exothermic reaction inside the cell causes an uncontrollable temperature rise
3.1.32
thermal runaway diffusion
a phenomenon that the cell in the battery module subjected to the thermal runaway triggers the thermal runaway to its adjacent cell or the cell at other position
3.1.33
adiabatic temperature rise
a phenomenon that the heat generated from the inside of the cell or absorbed from its outside in an adiabatic environment causes the temperature of the cell to rise
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
n: the hour rate of rated charging of the battery, whose value is equal to the rated charging energy/rated charging power of the battery and shall be selected from the following values: 8, 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25.
n′: the hour rate of rated discharging of the battery, whose value is equal to the rated discharging energy/rated discharging power, and shall be selected from the following values: 8, 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25.
Cicn: the initial charging capacity at n-hour rate, A·h.
Cidn': the initial discharging capacity at n-hour rate, A·h.
Crcn: the rated charging capacity at n-hour rate, A·h.
Crdn': the rated discharging capacity at n'-hour rate, A·h.
Eicn: the initial charging energy at n-hour rate, W·h for the cell, kW·h for the battery module, and kW·h or MW·h for the battery cluster.
Eidn′: the initial discharging energy at n′-hour rate, W·h for the cell, kW·h for the battery module, and kW·h or MW·h for the battery cluster.
Ercn: the rated charging energy at n-hour rate, W·h for the cell, kW·h for the battery module, and kW·h or MW·h for the battery cluster.
Erdn': the rated discharging energy at n'-hour rate, W·h for the cell, kW·h for the battery module, and kW·h or MW·h for the battery cluster.
Prcn: the rated charging power at n-hour rate, W for the cell, kW for the battery module, and kW or MW for the battery cluster.
Prdn′: the rated discharging power at n′-hour rate, W for the cell, kW for the battery module, and kWor MW for the battery cluster.
wgc: the gravimetric energy density based on initial charging energy, W·h / kg.
wgd: the gravimetric energy density based on initial discharging energy, W·h / kg.
wvc: the volumetric energy density based on initial charging energy, W·h / L.
wvd: the volumetric energy density based on initial discharging energy, W·h / L.
4 Specifications
The information about the specifications of the lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage shall be identified in a legible code or text on the appearance or nameplate of the product, and the identification of such specifications shall conform to the following rules:
Contents of GB/T 36276-2018
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
4 Specifications
5 Technical requirements
6 Test rules
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Normative) Test methods
Annex B (Informative) Test data record sheet
