Standard No.:	GB/T 45257-2025
English Name:	Press and publication―Knowledge services―Extraction and marking up of knowledge element
Chinese Name:	新闻出版知识服务知识元提取与标引
Professional Classification:	GB    National Standard
Source Content Issued by:	SAMR; SAC
Issued on:	2025-02-28
Implemented on:	2025-6-1
Status:	valid
Target Language:	English
File Format:	PDF
Word Count:	11500 words
Translation Price(USD):	345.0
Delivery:	via email in 1~5 business day

GB/T 45257-2025 Press and publication―Knowledge services―Extraction and marking up of knowledge element English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered. ICS 01.140.40 CCS A 19 National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T 45257-2025 Press and publication - Knowledge services - Extraction and marking up of knowledge element 新闻出版 知识服务 知识元提取与标引 (English Translation) Issue date: 2025-02-28 Implementation date: 2025-06-01 Issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China Contents Foreword 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Abbreviations 5 Objects of extraction and marking up 6 Methods of extraction and marking up 7 Rules and specifications for extraction 8 Rules and specifications for marking up 9 Processes of extraction and marking up 10 Quality of extraction and marking up Bibliography Press and publication - Knowledge services - Extraction and marking up of knowledge element 1 Scope This document specifies the objects, methods, rules, processes and quality requirements for the extraction and marking up of knowledge elements. This document applies to the construction and management of knowledge bases and knowledge resource libraries in the press and publication field. 2 Normative references The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 45256 Press and publication - Knowledge services - Processes for knowledge ontology construction 3 Terms and definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 marking-up process of representing the content or form of a resource with words or phrases in accordance with the rules of indexing language [Source: CY/T 101.1-2014, 6.2.7, modified] 3.2 fixed-layout document type of document generated after typesetting that contains all data required for the fixed presentation of the layout [Source: CY/T 101.1-2014, 6.3.10] 3.3 stream document type of document whose content presentation can adapt to changes in the screen or window of terminal devices in accordance with the logical order of the content [Source: CY/T 101.1-2014, 6.3.11] 3.4 morpheme smallest meaningful unit of sound in a language 3.5 knowledge element independent knowledge unit that expresses a complete thing or concept and cannot be further divided under application requirements [Source: GB/T 38377-2019, 2.3] 4 Abbreviations The following abbreviations apply to this document. ePub: Electronic Publication HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language ID: Identity JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group MP3: Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer Ⅲ MP4: Moving Picture Expert Group 4 PDF: Portable Document Format PNG: Portable Network Graphic Format TIFF: Tag Image File Format TXT: Text WMA: Windows Media Audio WMV: Windows Media Video 5 Objects of extraction and marking up 5.1 Objects of extraction The objects for extracting knowledge elements in the press and publication field mainly include materials with extraction value, such as books, periodicals, newspapers, research reports, conference papers and standards. Priority should be given to formal publications. 5.2 Objects of marking up The objects of marking up are computer files in the press and publication field, including but not limited to the following types: a) Stream documents, with file formats including ePub, HTML, TXT, etc.; b) Fixed-layout documents, with file formats including PDF, etc.; c) Image files, with file formats including JPEG, PNG, TIFF, etc.; d) Audio files, with file formats including MP3, WMA, etc.; e) Video files, with file formats including MP4, WMV, etc. 6 Methods of extraction and marking up 6.1 Principles and methods of extraction 6.1.1 Principles of extraction The principles for extracting knowledge elements are as follows: a) Completeness: Complete extraction types, constituent elements and descriptions to meet the essential requirements of the knowledge ontology model. b) Accuracy: Accurate extraction of concepts, descriptions and relationship descriptions. When extracting content from the original text, the following conditions shall be met: 1) References or associations used in the original text shall be supplemented as much as possible; 2) Connecting descriptions in the original text shall be included after editing and improvement to meet the needs of independent expression; 3) Figure and table serial numbers involved in the original text shall be rearranged as needed; 4) Other editing work required to ensure the independence of the described content. c) Practicality: Emphasize practicality in extraction, ensuring strong usability. d) Standardization: Strive for standardization and unification in the specifications, quality, granularity and degree of extracted expressions. e) Relevance: Extract knowledge elements related to the target scope, strive to construct various relationships between knowledge elements, and avoid isolated knowledge elements as much as possible.