GB/T 47352-2026 Technical specification for battery swapping system of electric motorcycles and electric mopeds English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS
CCS
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 47352-2026
Technical specification for battery swapping system of electric motorcycles and electric mopeds
电动摩托车和电动轻便摩托车换电系统技术规范
Issue date: 2026-03-31 Implementation date: 2026-10-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Technical Requirements
5 Test Methods
6 Type Tests
Annex A (Informative) Common Steps for Battery Swapping Operations
Annex B (Informative) Recommended Structure and Dimensions of the Battery Swapping Coupler
Bibliography
Technical specification for battery swapping system of electric motorcycles and electric mopeds
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements, test methods and type tests for the battery swapping system of pure electric motorcycles and pure electric mopeds that use a battery swapping mode.
This document applies to pure electric motorcycles and pure electric mopeds (hereinafter referred to as “vehicles”, unless otherwise specified) powered by lithium ion or sodium ion swappable batteries. It does not apply to vehicles powered by lead acid batteries.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 5169.16-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products — Part 16: Test flames — 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
GB/T 5359 (all parts) Terms for motorcycles and mopeds
GB 14622 Limits and measurement methods for emissions of pollutants from motorcycles (China stage Ⅳ)
GB/T 15367 Motorcycles and mopeds — Names of component parts for two wheeled and three wheeled vehicles
GB 18176 Limits and measurement methods for emissions of pollutants from mopeds (China stage Ⅳ)
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 24157-2017 Test methods of driving range and residual electric energy indication for electric motorcycles and electric mopeds
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 5359 (all parts), GB/T 15367, GB/T 19596 and the following apply.
3.1 battery swapping
The process of replenishing the electric energy of a vehicle by rapidly replacing the traction battery using a dedicated device or manual assistance.
3.2 battery swapping system
A system composed of components on the vehicle related to battery swapping operations or functions.
NOTE: Includes one or more swappable batteries, a battery swapping coupler, a battery compartment and a battery fixing mechanism. A schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1.
3.3 swappable battery
A traction battery pack for battery swapping that can be charged and discharged in an off vehicle state.
3.4 battery swapping coupler
A device that connects the swappable battery to the vehicle for the transmission of electrical energy, electrical signals and communication data.
NOTE: Data communication may use wired or wireless communication methods. Wireless data communication refers to communication methods that transmit data wirelessly, such as Near Field Communication (NFC). Wired data communication refers to communication methods that transmit data via wired means, such as a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus or RS485 serial bus.
3.5 battery compartment
A device located on the vehicle body that restricts the installation position of the swappable battery.
3.6 battery fixing mechanism
A device or mechanism used to secure the swappable battery to keep it functioning properly.
3.7 charging/battery swap infrastructure
A general term for the relevant facilities that provide electrical energy for vehicles.
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 3.1, modified]
4 Technical Requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Battery swapping operation steps
The vehicle manufacturer shall clearly describe the steps for replacing the battery in the provided product instruction manual. Common steps for replacing the battery are given in Annex A.
4.1.2 Battery swapping system requirements
4.1.2.1 The battery swapping system shall be designed and manufactured to meet the requirements of safety, speed and reliability.
4.1.2.2 The vehicle shall be capable of being started only when the battery swapping system is in a normal condition (including the physical state of the battery swapping system (such as temperature and voltage), mechanical position, and connection state of the system).
4.1.2.3 When the vehicle is in a drivable mode or driving state, the battery fixing mechanism shall be capable of keeping the swappable battery in its normal position. The vehicle may monitor the retention status in real time by detecting the position of the swappable battery, or the connection status of the battery compartment or the battery swapping coupler.
4.1.2.4 If the battery swapping system has consumable parts, the vehicle manufacturer shall provide a list of consumable parts and their maintenance and replacement requirements in the vehicle product instruction manual. Consumable parts shall not fail or become inoperative during the maintenance period specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.1.2.5 The battery swapping system shall not reserve any interface or circuit for expanding the swappable battery. The swappable battery and the battery compartment installation position shall be reasonably matched. The maximum gap between the swappable battery and the battery compartment wall shall be less than or equal to 30 mm, and the battery shall not shake.
4.1.2.6 The vehicle shall be capable of being started only when the nominal voltage of the vehicle and the nominal voltage of the swappable battery meet the following conditions:
a) When the vehicle battery swapping system has only one swappable battery or multiple swappable batteries connected in parallel, the nominal voltage of the vehicle shall be the same as the nominal voltage of the swappable battery;
b) When the vehicle battery swapping system has multiple swappable batteries connected in series, the nominal voltage of the vehicle shall be the same as the total nominal voltage of the series connected swappable batteries.
4.1.3 Battery compartment and battery swapping coupler requirements
4.1.3.1 The surfaces of the battery compartment and the battery swapping coupler shall be free from burrs, foreign matter, flash and similar sharp edges.
4.1.3.2 The battery compartment and the battery swapping coupler shall be firmly connected and shall have a structure to prevent incorrect coupling.
4.1.3.3 Recommended structures and dimensions for the battery swapping coupler are given in Annex B.
4.1.3.4 The battery swapping coupler shall have a certain guiding function. It shall be possible to separate and connect the coupler within the allowable angles using operating equipment or by manual means.
NOTE 1: Separation is achieved when the vehicle side coupler and the battery side coupler are completely disengaged without physical contact.
NOTE 2: Connection is achieved when the vehicle side coupler and the battery side coupler are coupled to a mutual limiting or fastening position in accordance with the requirements of the technical documentation provided by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.1.4 Battery fixing mechanism
The assembly state of the battery fixing mechanism shall comply with the technical documentation provided by the vehicle manufacturer and shall be safe and reliable.
4.2 Performance requirements
4.2.1 Energy consumption rate and residual energy indication
4.2.1.1 The vehicle shall be equipped with a residual energy indicating device and a residual energy warning device, and shall undergo the energy consumption rate and residual energy indication test according to 5.2.
Standard
GB/T 47352-2026 Technical specification for battery swapping system of electric motorcycles and electric mopeds (English)
Standard No.
GB/T 47352-2026
Status
to be valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
14500 words
Translation Price(USD)
435.0
Implemented on
2026-10-1
Delivery
via email in 1~5 business day
Detail of GB/T 47352-2026
Standard No.
GB/T 47352-2026
English Name
Technical specification for battery swapping system of electric motorcycles and electric mopeds
GB/T 47352-2026 Technical specification for battery swapping system of electric motorcycles and electric mopeds English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS
CCS
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 47352-2026
Technical specification for battery swapping system of electric motorcycles and electric mopeds
电动摩托车和电动轻便摩托车换电系统技术规范
Issue date: 2026-03-31 Implementation date: 2026-10-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Technical Requirements
5 Test Methods
6 Type Tests
Annex A (Informative) Common Steps for Battery Swapping Operations
Annex B (Informative) Recommended Structure and Dimensions of the Battery Swapping Coupler
Bibliography
Technical specification for battery swapping system of electric motorcycles and electric mopeds
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements, test methods and type tests for the battery swapping system of pure electric motorcycles and pure electric mopeds that use a battery swapping mode.
This document applies to pure electric motorcycles and pure electric mopeds (hereinafter referred to as “vehicles”, unless otherwise specified) powered by lithium ion or sodium ion swappable batteries. It does not apply to vehicles powered by lead acid batteries.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 5169.16-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products — Part 16: Test flames — 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
GB/T 5359 (all parts) Terms for motorcycles and mopeds
GB 14622 Limits and measurement methods for emissions of pollutants from motorcycles (China stage Ⅳ)
GB/T 15367 Motorcycles and mopeds — Names of component parts for two wheeled and three wheeled vehicles
GB 18176 Limits and measurement methods for emissions of pollutants from mopeds (China stage Ⅳ)
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 24157-2017 Test methods of driving range and residual electric energy indication for electric motorcycles and electric mopeds
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 5359 (all parts), GB/T 15367, GB/T 19596 and the following apply.
3.1 battery swapping
The process of replenishing the electric energy of a vehicle by rapidly replacing the traction battery using a dedicated device or manual assistance.
3.2 battery swapping system
A system composed of components on the vehicle related to battery swapping operations or functions.
NOTE: Includes one or more swappable batteries, a battery swapping coupler, a battery compartment and a battery fixing mechanism. A schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1.
3.3 swappable battery
A traction battery pack for battery swapping that can be charged and discharged in an off vehicle state.
3.4 battery swapping coupler
A device that connects the swappable battery to the vehicle for the transmission of electrical energy, electrical signals and communication data.
NOTE: Data communication may use wired or wireless communication methods. Wireless data communication refers to communication methods that transmit data wirelessly, such as Near Field Communication (NFC). Wired data communication refers to communication methods that transmit data via wired means, such as a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus or RS485 serial bus.
3.5 battery compartment
A device located on the vehicle body that restricts the installation position of the swappable battery.
3.6 battery fixing mechanism
A device or mechanism used to secure the swappable battery to keep it functioning properly.
3.7 charging/battery swap infrastructure
A general term for the relevant facilities that provide electrical energy for vehicles.
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 3.1, modified]
4 Technical Requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Battery swapping operation steps
The vehicle manufacturer shall clearly describe the steps for replacing the battery in the provided product instruction manual. Common steps for replacing the battery are given in Annex A.
4.1.2 Battery swapping system requirements
4.1.2.1 The battery swapping system shall be designed and manufactured to meet the requirements of safety, speed and reliability.
4.1.2.2 The vehicle shall be capable of being started only when the battery swapping system is in a normal condition (including the physical state of the battery swapping system (such as temperature and voltage), mechanical position, and connection state of the system).
4.1.2.3 When the vehicle is in a drivable mode or driving state, the battery fixing mechanism shall be capable of keeping the swappable battery in its normal position. The vehicle may monitor the retention status in real time by detecting the position of the swappable battery, or the connection status of the battery compartment or the battery swapping coupler.
4.1.2.4 If the battery swapping system has consumable parts, the vehicle manufacturer shall provide a list of consumable parts and their maintenance and replacement requirements in the vehicle product instruction manual. Consumable parts shall not fail or become inoperative during the maintenance period specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.1.2.5 The battery swapping system shall not reserve any interface or circuit for expanding the swappable battery. The swappable battery and the battery compartment installation position shall be reasonably matched. The maximum gap between the swappable battery and the battery compartment wall shall be less than or equal to 30 mm, and the battery shall not shake.
4.1.2.6 The vehicle shall be capable of being started only when the nominal voltage of the vehicle and the nominal voltage of the swappable battery meet the following conditions:
a) When the vehicle battery swapping system has only one swappable battery or multiple swappable batteries connected in parallel, the nominal voltage of the vehicle shall be the same as the nominal voltage of the swappable battery;
b) When the vehicle battery swapping system has multiple swappable batteries connected in series, the nominal voltage of the vehicle shall be the same as the total nominal voltage of the series connected swappable batteries.
4.1.3 Battery compartment and battery swapping coupler requirements
4.1.3.1 The surfaces of the battery compartment and the battery swapping coupler shall be free from burrs, foreign matter, flash and similar sharp edges.
4.1.3.2 The battery compartment and the battery swapping coupler shall be firmly connected and shall have a structure to prevent incorrect coupling.
4.1.3.3 Recommended structures and dimensions for the battery swapping coupler are given in Annex B.
4.1.3.4 The battery swapping coupler shall have a certain guiding function. It shall be possible to separate and connect the coupler within the allowable angles using operating equipment or by manual means.
NOTE 1: Separation is achieved when the vehicle side coupler and the battery side coupler are completely disengaged without physical contact.
NOTE 2: Connection is achieved when the vehicle side coupler and the battery side coupler are coupled to a mutual limiting or fastening position in accordance with the requirements of the technical documentation provided by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.1.4 Battery fixing mechanism
The assembly state of the battery fixing mechanism shall comply with the technical documentation provided by the vehicle manufacturer and shall be safe and reliable.
4.2 Performance requirements
4.2.1 Energy consumption rate and residual energy indication
4.2.1.1 The vehicle shall be equipped with a residual energy indicating device and a residual energy warning device, and shall undergo the energy consumption rate and residual energy indication test according to 5.2.
