General framework of random number generator
1 Scope
This document is a general higher-level standard for design of random number generators and specifies the general framework for design of random number generators.
This document is applicable to the research, development and test of random number generators, and may also promote the formulation of relevant standards for random number generators.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 25069 Information security techniques - Terminology
GB/T 32915 Information security technology - Randomness test methods for binary sequence
GM/T 0062 Random number test requirements for cryptographic modules
GM/T 0078-2020 The design guidelines for cryptographic random number generation module
GM/T 0105 Design guide for software-based random number generators
GM/Z 4001 Cryptology terminology
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 25069, GB/T 32915, GM/T 0062, GM/T 0078, GM/T 0105 and GM/Z 4001 and the following apply.
3.1
entropy source
component, device, or event that generates an output, when the output is captured and processed in some way, a bit string containing entropy is generated
[Source: GB/T 25069-2010, 2.1.31]
3.2
thermal noise
spurious electronic signals (also known as "white noise") generated in devices (such as operational amplifiers, reverse biased diodes or resistors) that are normally undesirable
Note: This phenomenon is usually minimized, but it may be used as an entropy source for random bitstream generation due to the unpredictability.
[Source: GB/T 25069-2010, 2.2.4.8]
3.3
chaotic oscillation
complex and disordered oscillation state of a nonlinear system
Note: It is rooted in the local instability of the system, manifested as initial condition sensitivity and intrinsic randomness.
3.4
phase jitter
fast, short-term and random fluctuation of wave phase caused by time-domain instability
3.5
quantum random process
random phenomenon/process with internal quantum randomness
Note: The randomness is explained and guaranteed by the principles of quantum mechanics. The quantum random process used to generate random numbers generally includes single photon path selection, number of photons contained in optical pulses, time interval between adjacent photons, vacuum fluctuation, laser phase noise and amplified spontaneous emission noise.
3.6
random number generator
device or program for generating random binary sequences
[Source: GB/T 32915-2016, 2.2]
3.7
software-based RNG
RNG component in a software cryptographic module (or in the software component of a hybrid cryptographic module), either as a separate software cryptographic module or as part of a software cryptographic module (or the software component of a hybrid cryptographic module)
[Source: GM/T 0105-2021, 3.13]
3.8
raw random number sequence
discrete random number sequence obtained through digitization of entropy source output
3.9
random number sequence
number sequence in which each item cannot be inferred when the others are known
[Source: GB/T 25069-2010, 2.2.2.184]
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General framework for design of random number generator
4.1 General
4.2 Entropy source
4.3 Entropy evaluation
4.4 Post-processing
4.5 Test
Annex A (Informative) Standard system framework of random number generator
Bibliography
General framework of random number generator
1 Scope
This document is a general higher-level standard for design of random number generators and specifies the general framework for design of random number generators.
This document is applicable to the research, development and test of random number generators, and may also promote the formulation of relevant standards for random number generators.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 25069 Information security techniques - Terminology
GB/T 32915 Information security technology - Randomness test methods for binary sequence
GM/T 0062 Random number test requirements for cryptographic modules
GM/T 0078-2020 The design guidelines for cryptographic random number generation module
GM/T 0105 Design guide for software-based random number generators
GM/Z 4001 Cryptology terminology
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 25069, GB/T 32915, GM/T 0062, GM/T 0078, GM/T 0105 and GM/Z 4001 and the following apply.
3.1
entropy source
component, device, or event that generates an output, when the output is captured and processed in some way, a bit string containing entropy is generated
[Source: GB/T 25069-2010, 2.1.31]
3.2
thermal noise
spurious electronic signals (also known as "white noise") generated in devices (such as operational amplifiers, reverse biased diodes or resistors) that are normally undesirable
Note: This phenomenon is usually minimized, but it may be used as an entropy source for random bitstream generation due to the unpredictability.
[Source: GB/T 25069-2010, 2.2.4.8]
3.3
chaotic oscillation
complex and disordered oscillation state of a nonlinear system
Note: It is rooted in the local instability of the system, manifested as initial condition sensitivity and intrinsic randomness.
3.4
phase jitter
fast, short-term and random fluctuation of wave phase caused by time-domain instability
3.5
quantum random process
random phenomenon/process with internal quantum randomness
Note: The randomness is explained and guaranteed by the principles of quantum mechanics. The quantum random process used to generate random numbers generally includes single photon path selection, number of photons contained in optical pulses, time interval between adjacent photons, vacuum fluctuation, laser phase noise and amplified spontaneous emission noise.
3.6
random number generator
device or program for generating random binary sequences
[Source: GB/T 32915-2016, 2.2]
3.7
software-based RNG
RNG component in a software cryptographic module (or in the software component of a hybrid cryptographic module), either as a separate software cryptographic module or as part of a software cryptographic module (or the software component of a hybrid cryptographic module)
[Source: GM/T 0105-2021, 3.13]
3.8
raw random number sequence
discrete random number sequence obtained through digitization of entropy source output
3.9
random number sequence
number sequence in which each item cannot be inferred when the others are known
[Source: GB/T 25069-2010, 2.2.2.184]
Contents of GM/T 0103-2021
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General framework for design of random number generator
4.1 General
4.2 Entropy source
4.3 Entropy evaluation
4.4 Post-processing
4.5 Test
Annex A (Informative) Standard system framework of random number generator
Bibliography
