Standard No.:	GB/T 3094-2026
English Name:	Cold drawn shaped steel tubes
Chinese Name:	冷拔异型钢管
Professional Classification:	GB    National Standard
Source Content Issued by:	SAMR, SAC
Issued on:	2026-05-22
Implemented on:	2026-12-1
Status:	to be valid
Superseding:	GB/T 3094-2012 Cold drawn shaped steel tubes GB/T 25822-2010 Shaped and round seamless steel tubes for axle
Target Language:	English
File Format:	PDF
Word Count:	13500 words
Translation Price(USD):	420.0
Delivery:	via email in 1~3 business day

GB/T 3094-2026 Cold drawn shaped steel tubes 1 Scope This document specifies the classification and code, ordering information, manufacturing processes, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking and quality certificate of cold drawn shaped steel tubes. This document applies to cold-drawn (or cold-rolled) formed shaped steel tubes with simple cross sections (hereinafter referred to as “steel tubes”). 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 222 Steels and alloys - Permissible deviations of product analyzed chemical composition GB/T 223.5 Steel and iron - Determination of acid-soluble silicon and total silicon content - Reduced molybdosilicate spectrophotometric method GB/T 223.11 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of chromium content - Titrimetric method and spectrophotometric method GB/T 223.17 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The diantipyrylmethane photometric method for the determination of titanium content GB/T 223.18 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The sodium thiosulfate separation iodimetric method for the determination of copper content GB/T 223.19 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The neocuproine-chloroform extraction photometric method for the determination of copper content GB/T 223.23 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of nickel content - The dimethylglyoxime spectrophotometric method GB/T 223.25 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The dimethylglyoxime gravimetric method for the determination of nickel content GB/T 223.26 Iron steel and alloy - Determination of molybdenum content - The thiocyanate spectrophotometric method GB/T 223.28 Methods for chemical analysis of iron steel and alloy - The α-Benzoinoxime gravimetric method for the determination of molybdenum content GB/T 223.36 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The neutral titration method for the determination of nitrogen content after distillation separation GB/T 223.37 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of nitrogen content - Indophenol blue spectrophotometric method after distillation separation GB/T 223.40 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of niobium content by the sulphochlorophenol S spectrophotometric method GB/T 223.53 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for the determination of copper content GB/T 223.59 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of phosphorus content - Bismuth phosphomolybdate blue spectrophotometric method and antimony phosphomolybdate blue spectrophotometric method GB/T 223.60 Iron,steel and alloy - Determination of silicon content - Gravimetric method GB/T 223.62 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The butyl acetate extraction photometric method for the determination of phosphorus content GB/T 223.63 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of manganese content - Sodium (potassium) periodate spectrophotometric method GB/T 223.68 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The potassium iodate titration method after combustion in the pipe furnace for the determination of sulfur content GB/T 223.69 Iron, steel and alloy - Determination of carbon contents - Gas-volumetric method after combustion in the pipe furnace GB/T 228.1 Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature GB/T 229 Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test method GB/T 230.1 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1 : Test method GB/T 699 Quality carbon structure steels GB/T 700 Carbon structural steels GB/T 2102 Acceptance, packaging, marking and quality certification for steel tubular products GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products - Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing GB/T 3077 Alloy structure steels GB/T 4334-2020 Corrosion of metals and alloys - Test methods for intergranular corrosion of austenitic and ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steels GB/T 4336 Carbon and low-alloy steel - Determination of multi-element contents - Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method) GB/T 4340.1 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 1: Test method GB/T 5777-2019 Automated full peripheral ultrasonic testing of seamless and welded (except submerged arc-welded) steel tubes for the detection of longitudinal and/or transverse imperfections GB/T 6394 Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal GB/T 7735 Automated eddy current testing of seamless and welded (except submerged arc-welded) steel tubes for detection of imperfections GB/T 10561-2023 Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions in steel - Micrographic method using standard diagrams GB/T 11170 Stainless steel - Determination of multi-element contents - Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (Routine method) GB/T 20066 Steel and iron - Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition GB/T 20123 Steel and iron - Determination of total carbon and sulfur content - Infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace (routine method) GB/T 20124 Steel and iron - Determination of nitrogen content - Thermal conductimetric method after fusion in a current of inert gas (Routine method) GB/T 30062 Terminology of steel pipes and tubes 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 30062 apply. 4 Classification and codes 4.1 The classification and codes of steel tubes based on the accuracy grade of the sectional shape are as follows: a) Square steel tube D-1 b) Rectangular steel tube D-2 c) Oval steel tube D-3 d) Flat oval steel tube D-4 e) Inner and outer hexagonal steel tube D-5 f) Right-angle trapezoidal steel tube D-6 g) Triangular spline axle tube D-7 4.2 The designation of steel grades for axle tubes shall consist of the capitalized Hanyu Pinyin initials of the Chinese term for "vehicle axle steel" (辆轴), the specified lower yield strength and the quality grade. Example: LZ320E Where, LZ - the capitalized Hanyu Pinyin initials of the Chinese term for "vehicle axle steel" (辆轴); 320 - the specified minimum lower yield strength, MPa; E - Quality grade. 5 Ordering information Contracts or orders for purchasing steel tubes based on this document shall include but not be limited to the following: a) No. of this document; b) Product name; c) Designation or uniform numerical code of steel; d) Dimensions and specifications (in mm); e) Order quantity (total weight or total length); f) As-delivered state; g) Special requirements. 6 Manufacturing processes 6.1 Method for smelting steel 6.1.1 Carbon structural steel shall be smelted by oxygen converter or electric arc furnace; while quality carbon structural steel, high-strength low-alloy structural steel and alloy structural steel shall be smelted by oxygen converter plus secondary refining or electric arc furnace plus secondary refining method. 6.1.2 Steel for axle tubes shall be smelted by oxygen converter plus secondary refining and vacuum degassing, or electric arc furnace plus secondary refining and vacuum degassing method. 6.1.3 Stainless steel shall be smelted by electric arc furnace plus secondary refining method or converter plus secondary refining method. 6.1.4 If agreed by the supplier and the purchaser and indicated in the contract, other methods with higher requirements may also be used. If the purchaser designates a specific smelting method, it shall be indicated in the contract. 6.2 Manufacturing methods 6.2.1 Steel tubes shall be manufactured by cold drawing (or cold rolling) from seamless steel tubes. 6.2.2 Upon the purchaser's request, and if agreed by the supplier and the purchaser and indicated in the contract, steel tubes may be manufactured by cold drawing (or cold rolling) from welded steel tubes. During cold drawing (or cold rolling), the weld seam shall be kept away from the rounded corners. 6.3 As-delivered state 6.3.1 Carbon structural steel, quality carbon structural steel, high-strength low-alloy structural steel and alloy structural steel shall be delivered in the heat‑treated condition. The recommended heat treatment schedule for axle tubes is given in Table 1. 6.3.2 Upon the purchaser's request, and if agreed by the supplier and the purchaser and indicated in the contract, carbon structural steel, quality carbon structural steel, high-strength low-alloy structural steel tubes and alloy structural steel tubes may be delivered in the cold‑drawn condition. 6.3.3 Stainless steel tubes shall be delivered in the heat‑treated and pickled condition. The recommended heat treatment schedule for stainless steel tubes is given in Table 1. Stainless steel tubes that have been wholly ground (or polished) or heat‑treated in a protective atmosphere may be delivered without pickling. 6.3.4 Upon the purchaser's request, and if agreed by the purchaser and as indicated in the contract, heat treatment systems other than those in Table 1 may be adopted for the steel tubes. Table 1 Recommended heat treatment schedule for axle tubes and stainless steel tubes S.N. Type Uniform numerical code Designation Recommended heat treatment system 1 Axle tube — LZ320E Annealed at 860 ℃ ~ 900 ℃ 2 — LZ355E Normalized at 890 ℃ ~ 920 ℃ 3 — LZ460E Annealed at 890 ℃ to 920 ℃; normalized at 540 ℃ ~ 580 ℃ 4 — LZ500E Annealed at 890 ℃ to 920 ℃; normalized at 520 ℃ ~ 560 ℃ 5 — LZ590E Annealed at 870 ℃ to 900 ℃; normalized at 500 ℃ ~ 540 ℃ 6 Austenite S30403 022Cr19Ni10 1 010 ℃ ~ 1 150 ℃, rapid cooling 7 Stainless steel S30408 06Cr19Ni10 1 010 ℃ ~ 1 150 ℃, rapid cooling 8 S31603 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 1 010 ℃ ~ 1 150 ℃, rapid cooling 9 S31608 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 1 010 ℃ ~ 1 150 ℃, rapid cooling 10 Austenite S31668 06Cr17Ni12Mo2Ti 1 000 ℃ ~ 1 100 ℃, rapid cooling 11 Stainless steel tube S31703 022Cr19Ni13Mo3 1 010 ℃ ~ 1 150 ℃, rapid cooling 12 S31708 06Cr19Ni13Mo3 1 010 ℃ ~ 1 150 ℃, rapid cooling 13 S32168 06Cr18Ni11Ti 920 ℃ ~ 1 150 ℃, rapid cooling 14 S34778 06Cr18Ni11Nb 1 010 ℃ ~ 1 150 ℃, rapid cooling 15 Austenitic-ferritic stainless steel tube S22053 022Cr23Ni5Mo3N 1 020 ℃ ~ 1 100 ℃, rapid cooling 16 S22253 022Cr22Ni5Mo3N 1 020 ℃ ~ 1 100 ℃, rapid cooling 17 S25073 022Cr25Ni7Mo4N 1 025 ℃ ~ 1 125 ℃, rapid cooling 18 S25554 03Cr25Ni6Mo3Cu2N ≥1 040 ℃, rapid cooling 7 Technical requirements 7.1 Designation and chemical composition of steel 7.1.1 For quality carbon structural steels with designations of 10, 20, 35 and 45, the chemical composition (melting analysis) shall meet the requirements of GB/T 699. The designations of carbon structural steel are Q195, Q215 and Q235, and their chemical composition (melting analysis) shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 700. The designations and chemical composition (melting analysis) of high-strength low-alloy structural steel shall comply with the requirements of Table 2. The designations and chemical composition (melting analysis) of alloy structural steel shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 3077.

Contents Foreword III 1 Scope 2 Normative reference 3 Terms and definitions 4 Classification and codes 5 Ordering information 6 Manufacturing processes 7 Technical requirements 8 Test methods 9 Inspection rules 10 Packaging, marking, and quality certificate Annex A (Normative) Sectional shape, dimensions, sectional area, theoretical weight and sectional properties of steel tubes Annex B (Normative) Determination method for the torsion value of shaped steel tubes