GB/T 44457-2024 Hydrogen storage pressure vessel used in hydrogen refueling station
1 Scope
This standard specifies requirements of materials, design, fabrication, inspection and acceptance for hydrogen storage pressure vessels (hereinafter referred to as "hydrogen pressure vessels") used in hydrogen refueling stations.
This standard is applicable to hydrogen pressure vessels,
a)the design temperature of which is not lower than -40°C and not higher than 85°C; and
b)the design pressure of which is greater than 41 MPa and less than 100 MPa in the case of spinning formed seamless vessels for storage of gaseous hydrogens, or greater than 17 MPa and less than 100 MPa in the case of austenitic stainless steel lined vessels for storage of gaseous hydrogen.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 150.1 Pressure vessels - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 150.4-2024 Pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance
GB/T 196 General purpose metric screw threads - Basic dimensions
GB/T 197 General purpose metric screw threads - Tolerances
GB/T 222 Permissible tolerances for chemical composition of steel products
GB/T 223 (all parts) Iron, steel and alloy
GB/T 226 Test method for macrostructure and defect of steel by etching
GB/T 228.1 Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
GB/T 229 Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test method
GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method
GB/T 713.7 Steel plate, sheet and strip for pressure equipments - Part 7: Stainless steel and heat resisting steel
GB/T 1954 Methods of measurement for ferrite content in austenitic Cr-Ni stainless steel weld metals
GB/T 1979 Standard diagrams for macrostructure and defect of structural steels
GB/T 4336 Standard test method for spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric analysis of carbon and low-alloy steel (routine method)
GB/T 4732.1 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 4732.2 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 2: Materials
GB/T 4732.4-2024 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 4: Stress classification method
GB/T 4732.5-2024 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 5: Elastic plastic analysis method
GB/T 4732.6 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 6: Fabrication, inspection and testing and acceptance
GB/T 6394 Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal
GB/T 7307 Pipe threads with 55-degree thread angle where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads
GB/T 8335 Special threads for gas cylinders
GB/T 8923.1 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
GB/T 10561 Steel - Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions - Micrographic method using standards diagrams
GB/T 10610 Geometrical Product Specifications(GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture
GB/T 11170 Stainless steel - Determination of multi-element contents - Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (Routine method)
GB/T 12241 Safety valves - General requirements
GB/T 12243 Spring loaded safety valves
GB/T 13298 Inspection methods of microstructure for metals
GB/T 13299 Determination of free cementite, pearlite and Widmanstaten structure in steel
GB/T 18248 Seamless steel tubes for gas cylinder
GB/T 26466 Stationary flat steel ribbon wound vessels for storage of high-pressure hydrogen
GB/T 28884 Seamless steel tubes for large capacity gas cylinder
GB/T 33362 Metallic materials - Conversion of hardness values
GB/T 34019-2017 Ultra-high-pressure vessels
GB/T 34542.1 Storage and transportation systems for gaseous hydrogen - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 34542.2 Storage and transportation systems for gaseous hydrogen - Part 2: Test methods for evaluating metallic material compatibility in hydrogen atmosphere
GB/T 34542.3 Storage and transportation systems for gaseous hydrogen - Part 3: Test method for determination of the susceptibility of metallic materials to hydrogen gas embrittlement
GB/T 37244 Fuel specification for proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles - Hydrogen
NB/T 10558 Coating and packing for pressure vessels transport
NB/T 47002.1-2019 Clad plate for pressure vessel - Part 1: Stainless steel-steel clad plate
NB/T 47008 Carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure equipment
NB/T 47010 Stainless and heat-resisting steel forgings for pressure equipments
NB/T 47013.3-2023 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 3: Ultrasonic testing
NB/T 47013.4-2015 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 4: Magnetic particle testing
NB/T 47013.5-2015 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 5: Penetrant testing
NB/T 47013.7 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 7: Visual examination
NB/T 47013.8 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 8: Leak testing
NB/T 47013.15-2021 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 15: Phased-array ultrasonic testing
NB/T 47014 Welding procedure qualification for pressure equipments
NB/T 47018 (all parts) Technical permission of welding materials for pressure equipment
YB/T 4149-2018 Continuously cast round billet for seamless steel tube rolling
YB/T 5137 Hot rolled and wrought round blank for high-pressure seamless steel tube
TSG 21 Supervision regulation on safety technology for stationary pressure vessel
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 150.1, GB/T 150.4-2024, GB/T 26466, GB/T 34019 and GB/T 34542.1 to 34542.3 and the following apply.
3.1.1
metal in contact with gaseous hydrogen
metal in contact with hydrogen during normal operation of the hydrogen pressure vessel
3.1.2
pressure component in contact with gaseous hydrogen
component subject to pressure loads and in contact with hydrogen, such as the cylinders, heads, screw plugs and linings (including the weld overlay)
3.1.3
spinning formed seamless vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
single-layer high-pressure vessel for hydrogen storage made of seamless steel pipe with open ends that are shaped to approximately hemispherical by hot-spinning process
3.1.4
austenitic stainless steel lined vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
hydrogen pressure vessel using austenitic stainless steel as the metal for its lining in contact with gaseous hydrogen
Note: It includes flat steel ribbon wound vessels for storage of gaseous hydrogen and integrally wrapped layered vessels for storage of gaseous hydrogen.
3.1.5
flat steel ribbon wound vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
high pressure vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen consisting of a inner core overall wound by even layers of flat steel ribbons in a staggered manner
3.1.6
integrally wrapped layered vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
high pressure vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen consisting of a inner core overall wrapped by layers of plates in sequence
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
—the elongation at break, %;
—the minimum tangential stress area of female thread in the necks at the ends of spinning formed seamless vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen, square millimeter (mm2);
—the pressure containing area of female thread aperture in the necks at the ends of spinning formed seamless vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen, square millimeter (mm2);
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
4 General requirements
5 Materials
6 Design
7 Manufacturing, inspection and acceptance
Annex A (Normative) Additional requirements of integrally wrapped layered vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
Annex B (Normative) Design requirements for end and female thread of spinning formed seamless vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
.
GB/T 44457-2024 Hydrogen storage pressure vessel used in hydrogen refueling station
1 Scope
This standard specifies requirements of materials, design, fabrication, inspection and acceptance for hydrogen storage pressure vessels (hereinafter referred to as "hydrogen pressure vessels") used in hydrogen refueling stations.
This standard is applicable to hydrogen pressure vessels,
a)the design temperature of which is not lower than -40°C and not higher than 85°C; and
b)the design pressure of which is greater than 41 MPa and less than 100 MPa in the case of spinning formed seamless vessels for storage of gaseous hydrogens, or greater than 17 MPa and less than 100 MPa in the case of austenitic stainless steel lined vessels for storage of gaseous hydrogen.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 150.1 Pressure vessels - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 150.4-2024 Pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance
GB/T 196 General purpose metric screw threads - Basic dimensions
GB/T 197 General purpose metric screw threads - Tolerances
GB/T 222 Permissible tolerances for chemical composition of steel products
GB/T 223 (all parts) Iron, steel and alloy
GB/T 226 Test method for macrostructure and defect of steel by etching
GB/T 228.1 Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
GB/T 229 Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test method
GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method
GB/T 713.7 Steel plate, sheet and strip for pressure equipments - Part 7: Stainless steel and heat resisting steel
GB/T 1954 Methods of measurement for ferrite content in austenitic Cr-Ni stainless steel weld metals
GB/T 1979 Standard diagrams for macrostructure and defect of structural steels
GB/T 4336 Standard test method for spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric analysis of carbon and low-alloy steel (routine method)
GB/T 4732.1 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 4732.2 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 2: Materials
GB/T 4732.4-2024 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 4: Stress classification method
GB/T 4732.5-2024 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 5: Elastic plastic analysis method
GB/T 4732.6 Pressure vessels design by analysis - Part 6: Fabrication, inspection and testing and acceptance
GB/T 6394 Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal
GB/T 7307 Pipe threads with 55-degree thread angle where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads
GB/T 8335 Special threads for gas cylinders
GB/T 8923.1 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - Visual assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
GB/T 10561 Steel - Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions - Micrographic method using standards diagrams
GB/T 10610 Geometrical Product Specifications(GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture
GB/T 11170 Stainless steel - Determination of multi-element contents - Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (Routine method)
GB/T 12241 Safety valves - General requirements
GB/T 12243 Spring loaded safety valves
GB/T 13298 Inspection methods of microstructure for metals
GB/T 13299 Determination of free cementite, pearlite and Widmanstaten structure in steel
GB/T 18248 Seamless steel tubes for gas cylinder
GB/T 26466 Stationary flat steel ribbon wound vessels for storage of high-pressure hydrogen
GB/T 28884 Seamless steel tubes for large capacity gas cylinder
GB/T 33362 Metallic materials - Conversion of hardness values
GB/T 34019-2017 Ultra-high-pressure vessels
GB/T 34542.1 Storage and transportation systems for gaseous hydrogen - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 34542.2 Storage and transportation systems for gaseous hydrogen - Part 2: Test methods for evaluating metallic material compatibility in hydrogen atmosphere
GB/T 34542.3 Storage and transportation systems for gaseous hydrogen - Part 3: Test method for determination of the susceptibility of metallic materials to hydrogen gas embrittlement
GB/T 37244 Fuel specification for proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles - Hydrogen
NB/T 10558 Coating and packing for pressure vessels transport
NB/T 47002.1-2019 Clad plate for pressure vessel - Part 1: Stainless steel-steel clad plate
NB/T 47008 Carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure equipment
NB/T 47010 Stainless and heat-resisting steel forgings for pressure equipments
NB/T 47013.3-2023 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 3: Ultrasonic testing
NB/T 47013.4-2015 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 4: Magnetic particle testing
NB/T 47013.5-2015 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 5: Penetrant testing
NB/T 47013.7 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 7: Visual examination
NB/T 47013.8 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 8: Leak testing
NB/T 47013.15-2021 Non-destructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 15: Phased-array ultrasonic testing
NB/T 47014 Welding procedure qualification for pressure equipments
NB/T 47018 (all parts) Technical permission of welding materials for pressure equipment
YB/T 4149-2018 Continuously cast round billet for seamless steel tube rolling
YB/T 5137 Hot rolled and wrought round blank for high-pressure seamless steel tube
TSG 21 Supervision regulation on safety technology for stationary pressure vessel
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 150.1, GB/T 150.4-2024, GB/T 26466, GB/T 34019 and GB/T 34542.1 to 34542.3 and the following apply.
3.1.1
metal in contact with gaseous hydrogen
metal in contact with hydrogen during normal operation of the hydrogen pressure vessel
3.1.2
pressure component in contact with gaseous hydrogen
component subject to pressure loads and in contact with hydrogen, such as the cylinders, heads, screw plugs and linings (including the weld overlay)
3.1.3
spinning formed seamless vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
single-layer high-pressure vessel for hydrogen storage made of seamless steel pipe with open ends that are shaped to approximately hemispherical by hot-spinning process
3.1.4
austenitic stainless steel lined vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
hydrogen pressure vessel using austenitic stainless steel as the metal for its lining in contact with gaseous hydrogen
Note: It includes flat steel ribbon wound vessels for storage of gaseous hydrogen and integrally wrapped layered vessels for storage of gaseous hydrogen.
3.1.5
flat steel ribbon wound vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
high pressure vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen consisting of a inner core overall wound by even layers of flat steel ribbons in a staggered manner
3.1.6
integrally wrapped layered vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
high pressure vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen consisting of a inner core overall wrapped by layers of plates in sequence
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
—the elongation at break, %;
—the minimum tangential stress area of female thread in the necks at the ends of spinning formed seamless vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen, square millimeter (mm2);
—the pressure containing area of female thread aperture in the necks at the ends of spinning formed seamless vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen, square millimeter (mm2);
Contents of GB/T 44457-2024
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
4 General requirements
5 Materials
6 Design
7 Manufacturing, inspection and acceptance
Annex A (Normative) Additional requirements of integrally wrapped layered vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
Annex B (Normative) Design requirements for end and female thread of spinning formed seamless vessel for storage of gaseous hydrogen
.
