GB/T 18385-2024 Battery electric vehicles — Power performance — Test method
1 Scope
This document describes the test methods for the power performance of battery electric vehicles.
This document is applicable to battery electric vehicles of Categories M and N.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3730.1 Terms and definitions of motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicle - Part 1: Types
GB/T 3730.2 Road vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and codes
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement of limiting values
GB/T 12428 Laden mass calculating method for bus
GB/T 12534 Motor vehicles - General rules of road test method
GB/T 12545.1 Measurement methods of fuel consumption for automobiles - Part 1: Measurement methods of fuel consumption for passenger cars
GB 18352.6-2016 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty vehicles (CHINA 6)
GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 27840-2021 Fuel consumption test methods for heavy-duty commercial vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596-2017, GB/T 3730.1, GB/T 3730.2 and the following apply.
3.1
rechargeable electrical energy storage system; REESS
energy storage system that is rechargeable and can provide electrical energy
[Source: GB 18384-2020, 3.1]
3.2
stage-of-charge; SOC
percentage of the capacity that can be released from the current battery according to the specified discharge conditions in the available capacity
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.3.3.2.5]
3.3
maximum thirty-minutes speed
highest average speed at which the battery electric vehicle can maintain over 30min
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.7, modified]
3.4
maximum speed
highest average speed at which the battery electric vehicle can maintain throughout a specified test method
3.5
acceleration ability (v1 to v2)
shortest time required by a battery electric vehicle to accelerate the battery electric vehicle from speed v1 to v2
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.18, modified]
3.5.1
initial starting acceleration ability
shortest time required by a battery electric vehicle to accelerate the battery electric vehicle from a stationary state to the specified final speed
3.5.2
overriding acceleration ability
shortest time required by a battery electric vehicle to accelerate the battery electric vehicle from the specified starting speed to the specified final speed
3.6
speed uphill
highest average speed at which the battery electric vehicle can maintain on a given slope over a distance of 1km
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.11, modified]
3.7
maximum gradability
limit ramp that the battery electric vehicle can pass under full load on a good road surface
Note: It is expressed as the percentage of vertical height and horizontal distance of the ramp.
[Source: GB/T 12539-2018, 3.2, modified]
3.8
hill starting ability
maximum slope on which a battery electric vehicle can start moving over a minimum distance of 10m within 1min.
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.9, modified]
4 Test conditions
4.1 Test vehicle conditions
4.1.1 The specifications and filling quantities of lubricating oil and cooling fluid for mechanical moving parts shall comply with the requirements given by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.1.2 The test driver shall follow the procedure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer to keep the REESS temperature within its operating range
4.1.3 All energy storage systems available for purposes other than driving (electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) shall be charged up to their maximum level specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.1.4 Before the test, the vehicle shall run in a certain mileage (at least 300km) under the conditions of REESS installation, or according to the technical requirements of the vehicle manufacturer. The REESS shall go through at least one process from discharge to charge state alarm, and the power alarm device shall work normally.
4.1.5 The trailer matched with the tractor shall not increase the frontal area of the tractor as much as possible, or the trailer recommended by the vehicle manufacturer shall be used for the test.
4.2 Atmospheric conditions
4.2.1 Atmospheric temperature and pressure
The atmospheric temperature of outdoor tests shall be kept between 0℃ and 40℃. The atmospheric temperature of indoor tests shall be kept at 23℃ ± 5℃. The atmospheric pressure shall be 91kPa to 104kPa.
4.2.2 Wind speed
For Category M1 vehicles, and Category N1 vehicles with a maximum design total mass of less than 2t, the wind speed shall be measured at a height of 0.7m above the road surface. For other vehicles, the wind speed shall be measured at a height of 1.6m above the road surface. The average wind speed shall not exceed 3m/s, and the maximum wind speed shall not exceed 5m/s.
4.2.3 Relative humidity
The relative humidity shall be less than 95%.
4.3 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements
The parameters, units, and accuracy of measurements shall meet those specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements
Foreword II 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Test conditions 4.1 Test vehicle conditions 4.2 Atmospheric conditions 4.3 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements 4.4 Track conditions 5 Preconditioning of test vehicle 5.1 Charging of the REESS 5.2 Warm-up 5.3 Vehicle test mass and load distribution 6 Test methods 6.1 General 6.2 Maximum thirty-minutes speed test 6.3 Maximum speed 6.4 Acceleration ability (v1 to v2) test 6.5 Speed uphill test (not applicable for battery electric vehicles other than Categories M1, M2, and N1) 6.6 Maximum gradeability test 6.7 Hill starting ability test Annex A (Normative) Method for determining the correction factor for loop track Annex B (Informative) Test record sheet Bibliography
GB/T 18385-2024 Battery electric vehicles — Power performance — Test method
1 Scope
This document describes the test methods for the power performance of battery electric vehicles.
This document is applicable to battery electric vehicles of Categories M and N.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3730.1 Terms and definitions of motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicle - Part 1: Types
GB/T 3730.2 Road vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and codes
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement of limiting values
GB/T 12428 Laden mass calculating method for bus
GB/T 12534 Motor vehicles - General rules of road test method
GB/T 12545.1 Measurement methods of fuel consumption for automobiles - Part 1: Measurement methods of fuel consumption for passenger cars
GB 18352.6-2016 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty vehicles (CHINA 6)
GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 27840-2021 Fuel consumption test methods for heavy-duty commercial vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596-2017, GB/T 3730.1, GB/T 3730.2 and the following apply.
3.1
rechargeable electrical energy storage system; REESS
energy storage system that is rechargeable and can provide electrical energy
[Source: GB 18384-2020, 3.1]
3.2
stage-of-charge; SOC
percentage of the capacity that can be released from the current battery according to the specified discharge conditions in the available capacity
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.3.3.2.5]
3.3
maximum thirty-minutes speed
highest average speed at which the battery electric vehicle can maintain over 30min
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.7, modified]
3.4
maximum speed
highest average speed at which the battery electric vehicle can maintain throughout a specified test method
3.5
acceleration ability (v1 to v2)
shortest time required by a battery electric vehicle to accelerate the battery electric vehicle from speed v1 to v2
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.18, modified]
3.5.1
initial starting acceleration ability
shortest time required by a battery electric vehicle to accelerate the battery electric vehicle from a stationary state to the specified final speed
3.5.2
overriding acceleration ability
shortest time required by a battery electric vehicle to accelerate the battery electric vehicle from the specified starting speed to the specified final speed
3.6
speed uphill
highest average speed at which the battery electric vehicle can maintain on a given slope over a distance of 1km
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.11, modified]
3.7
maximum gradability
limit ramp that the battery electric vehicle can pass under full load on a good road surface
Note: It is expressed as the percentage of vertical height and horizontal distance of the ramp.
[Source: GB/T 12539-2018, 3.2, modified]
3.8
hill starting ability
maximum slope on which a battery electric vehicle can start moving over a minimum distance of 10m within 1min.
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.3.1.9, modified]
4 Test conditions
4.1 Test vehicle conditions
4.1.1 The specifications and filling quantities of lubricating oil and cooling fluid for mechanical moving parts shall comply with the requirements given by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.1.2 The test driver shall follow the procedure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer to keep the REESS temperature within its operating range
4.1.3 All energy storage systems available for purposes other than driving (electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) shall be charged up to their maximum level specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.1.4 Before the test, the vehicle shall run in a certain mileage (at least 300km) under the conditions of REESS installation, or according to the technical requirements of the vehicle manufacturer. The REESS shall go through at least one process from discharge to charge state alarm, and the power alarm device shall work normally.
4.1.5 The trailer matched with the tractor shall not increase the frontal area of the tractor as much as possible, or the trailer recommended by the vehicle manufacturer shall be used for the test.
4.2 Atmospheric conditions
4.2.1 Atmospheric temperature and pressure
The atmospheric temperature of outdoor tests shall be kept between 0℃ and 40℃. The atmospheric temperature of indoor tests shall be kept at 23℃ ± 5℃. The atmospheric pressure shall be 91kPa to 104kPa.
4.2.2 Wind speed
For Category M1 vehicles, and Category N1 vehicles with a maximum design total mass of less than 2t, the wind speed shall be measured at a height of 0.7m above the road surface. For other vehicles, the wind speed shall be measured at a height of 1.6m above the road surface. The average wind speed shall not exceed 3m/s, and the maximum wind speed shall not exceed 5m/s.
4.2.3 Relative humidity
The relative humidity shall be less than 95%.
4.3 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements
The parameters, units, and accuracy of measurements shall meet those specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements
Contents of GB/T 18385-2024
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test conditions
4.1 Test vehicle conditions
4.2 Atmospheric conditions
4.3 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements
4.4 Track conditions
5 Preconditioning of test vehicle
5.1 Charging of the REESS
5.2 Warm-up
5.3 Vehicle test mass and load distribution
6 Test methods
6.1 General
6.2 Maximum thirty-minutes speed test
6.3 Maximum speed
6.4 Acceleration ability (v1 to v2) test
6.5 Speed uphill test (not applicable for battery electric vehicles other than Categories M1, M2, and N1)
6.6 Maximum gradeability test
6.7 Hill starting ability test
Annex A (Normative) Method for determining the correction factor for loop track
Annex B (Informative) Test record sheet
Bibliography
